Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who recently underwent a heart transplant. Which of the following postoperative nursing interventions is the priority?
- A. Maintain strict bedrest
- B. Advance diet as tolerated
- C. Educate the client on medication
- D. Ensure strict adherence to aseptic techniques
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heart transplant's success hinges on dodging infection immunosuppression skyrockets risk, making aseptic technique the priority to shield the graft. Bedrest aids early recovery but isn't top. Diet advances slowly, education's vital long-term, but infection's immediate threat trumps. Nurses enforce sterility dressings, lines safeguarding this fragile post-op phase, a life-or-death focus in transplant care.
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Which of the following countries has the highest percentage of diabetes patients?
- A. USA
- B. Britain
- C. India
- D. Saudi Arabia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Saudi Arabia's diabetes rate soars wealth, sedentary shifts, and diet spike it past USA's obesity-driven numbers, Britain's milder load, and India's vast but diluted count. Over 20% prevalence there trumps others' teens, a chronic epidemic nurses track in Gulf states, tied to rapid modernization.
People with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of which of the following disorders, besides type 2 diabetes mellitus?
- A. Hypertension, infections
- B. Myocardial infarction, hypertension
- C. Myocardial infarction, infections
- D. Myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome hikes heart attacks, hypertension vascular hits, not infections or cirrhosis extras. Nurses track this, a chronic CV duo.
A patient has been assigned the nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to painful oral ulcers. Which nursing action will be most effective in improving oral intake?
- A. Offer the patient frequent small snacks between meals.
- B. Assist the patient to choose favorite foods from the menu.
- C. Provide teaching about the importance of nutritional intake.
- D. Apply prescribed anesthetic gel to oral lesions before meals.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Painful oral ulcers from cancer or chemo kill appetite anesthetic gel (e.g., lidocaine) numbs them pre-meal, making eating bearable. Snacks and favorites tempt but don't dull pain. Teaching informs, not fixes. Nurses in oncology prioritize this pain relief drives intake, tackling the root of this nutrition nosedive.
The nurse teaching a young women's community service group about breast self-examination (BSE) will include that:
- A. BSE will reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer
- B. BSE should be done daily while taking a bath or shower
- C. Annual mammograms should be scheduled in addition to BSE
- D. Performing BSE after the menstrual period is more comfortable
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BSE timing matters post-menstrual breasts are less tender, swollen, or lumpy, making self-checks comfy and accurate, a key teaching point for young women. BSE doesn't cut mortality evidence lags; daily checks overdo it, monthly's enough. Mammograms start later (e.g., 40), not yet for this group. Nurses stress this timing, boosting compliance and awareness, a practical nudge in breast health education, sidestepping unproven claims for a doable habit.
During the teaching session for a patient who has a new diagnosis of acute leukemia, the patient is restless and looks away without making eye contact. The patient asks the nurse to repeat the information about the complications associated with chemotherapy. Based on this assessment, which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for the patient?
- A. Risk for ineffective adherence to treatment related to denial of need for chemotherapy
- B. Acute confusion related to infiltration of leukemia cells into the central nervous system
- C. Deficient knowledge: chemotherapy related to a lack of interest in learning about treatment
- D. Risk for ineffective health maintenance related to possible anxiety about leukemia diagnosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: New leukemia diagnosis plus restlessness and repeat requests scream anxiety risk for ineffective health maintenance' fits, as it ties to coping, not denial , brain infiltration , or disinterest . Nurses in oncology spot this fear fogs learning, needing slower, calmer teaching to stick.