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A nurse is caring for a client who was injured by a blast of high-order explosives. Medics report secondary injuries from the explosion. The nurse anticipates what type of injuries?
- A. Blunt force trauma
- B. Hollow organ damage
- C. Post-trauma stress disorder
- D. Penetrating injuries
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Penetrating injuries. High-order explosives cause secondary injuries like shrapnel or debris penetrating the body leading to penetrating injuries. Blunt force trauma (A) results from direct impact, not explosions. Hollow organ damage (B) is more likely with crush injuries. Post-trauma stress disorder (C) is a psychological response, not a physical injury. Therefore, the nurse should anticipate penetrating injuries as a result of the blast.
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The community health nurse is educating new nurses on the spread of infectious diseases. The nurse utilizes which of the following approaches to explain the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious disease?
- A. Epidemiologic triangle
- B. Levels of prevention
- C. Natural history of disease
- D. Health Promotion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epidemiologic triangle. This model explains infectious disease spread by considering the interactions between the host, agent, and environment. Host factors include susceptibility to the disease, agent factors refer to the infectious microorganism, and environmental factors influence transmission. This approach helps new nurses understand the complex interplay of factors leading to disease transmission. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically address the factors involved in the reproduction and spread of infectious diseases. Level of prevention refers to actions taken to prevent disease, natural history of disease focuses on disease progression, and health promotion aims to improve overall health but does not directly explain disease spread.
A nurse is delegating tasks to assistive personnel. Which of the following should the nurse consider when using one of the five rights of delegation?
- A. The assistive personnel's ability to complete the task without assistance
- B. The assistive personnel's level of experience and competency in performing the task
- C. The assistive personnel's rapport with clients
- D. The assistive personnel's availability at the time of the delegation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The assistive personnel's level of experience and competency in performing the task. When delegating tasks, the nurse must consider the individual's ability to safely and effectively perform the task. Choosing someone with the appropriate experience and competency minimizes the risk of errors or harm to the patient. Additionally, considering the person's level of experience ensures that they have the necessary skills to handle the task independently. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the crucial aspect of competency and experience required for safe delegation.
An occupational health nurse in the clinic of an industrial plant is developing a guidebook for clinic workers. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Organize an influenza immunization campaign
- B. Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome
- C. Teach plant workers about proper lifting techniques
- D. Collaborate with a physical therapist to develop programs for injured employees to return to work
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common work-related musculoskeletal disorder that can be prevented or mitigated through early identification and intervention. By educating workers about the signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse can facilitate early detection and prompt treatment, thus serving as a secondary prevention strategy. This proactive approach can help prevent the progression of the condition and reduce the impact on workers' health and productivity.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Organizing an influenza immunization campaign is a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the occurrence of influenza rather than identifying and managing existing health issues.
C: Teaching proper lifting techniques is a primary prevention strategy to prevent musculoskeletal injuries rather than identifying and managing existing conditions.
D: Collaborating with a physical therapist to develop return-to-work programs is a tertiary prevention strategy focused on rehabilitation and reintegration rather than early identification of health issues.
A community health nurse is conducting an educational program on various environmental pollutants. The nurse should emphasize that clients who have which of the following disorders are especially vulnerable to ozone effects?
- A. Seasonal allergies
- B. Mitral valve disease
- C. Nasal polyps
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Asthma. Clients with asthma are especially vulnerable to the effects of ozone due to their compromised respiratory system. Ozone can trigger asthma symptoms and exacerbate respiratory distress in individuals with asthma. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways, making it more susceptible to damage from environmental pollutants like ozone. Seasonal allergies (A), mitral valve disease (B), and nasal polyps (C) are not directly related to respiratory function and therefore not as vulnerable to ozone effects. In summary, asthma is the correct answer because of its direct impact on the respiratory system, making individuals with asthma more susceptible to the harmful effects of ozone.
A nurse is determining if a homebound client is eligible for Meals-on-Wheels. Which of the following is the most important factor for the nurse to consider?
- A. The client's level of family support
- B. The client's financial resources
- C. The client's access to transportation
- D. The client's ability to prepare meals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The client's ability to prepare meals. This is crucial as Meals-on-Wheels provides food delivery for those unable to cook. By assessing the client's meal preparation ability, the nurse can determine if the service is necessary. Choice A may be helpful, but not as critical as the client's own ability. Choice B is important but not the most crucial for Meals-on-Wheels eligibility. Choice C is relevant, but if the client cannot prepare meals, transportation to get food is secondary.