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A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for citalopram. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for citalopram?
- A. Take the medication in the morning.
- B. Report any suicidal thoughts.
- C. Avoid foods high in tyramine.
- D. Take the medication with food.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report any suicidal thoughts. This is crucial because citalopram is an antidepressant that can increase the risk of suicidal thoughts, especially in the initial stages of treatment. Monitoring and reporting any such thoughts are essential for the patient's safety.
A: Take the medication in the morning - This is incorrect as citalopram can be taken at any time of the day, depending on individual preference and tolerability.
C: Avoid foods high in tyramine - This is incorrect as tyramine restriction is more relevant for MAOIs, not SSRIs like citalopram.
D: Take the medication with food - This is not a specific requirement for citalopram, as it can be taken with or without food.
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A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for omeprazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for omeprazole?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Avoid taking with antacids.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication on an empty stomach. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works best when taken on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before a meal. This allows for optimal absorption and effectiveness in reducing stomach acid production. Taking it with food may decrease its absorption and effectiveness. Choice A is incorrect because taking omeprazole with food can interfere with its absorption. Choice C is incorrect as taking it at bedtime may not provide the best conditions for absorption. Choice D is incorrect because omeprazole can be taken with antacids if needed, but it's best to separate the doses by at least 2 hours.
A nurse is caring for a preschooler. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately? Which finding in a preschooler should the nurse report immediately?
- A. Platelet count.
- B. Emesis.
- C. Absolute neutrophil count.
- D. Loss of appetite.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Absolute neutrophil count. Neutrophils are key components of the immune system, and a low absolute neutrophil count can indicate an increased risk of infection. In preschoolers, any significant deviation from the normal range should be reported promptly to the healthcare provider to prevent serious complications. Platelet count (A) may indicate bleeding disorders but is not as urgent as a low neutrophil count. Emesis (B) and loss of appetite (D) are common in preschoolers and may not be immediate concerns unless persistent or severe. Reporting a low absolute neutrophil count is crucial for timely intervention and management.
A nurse is providing dietary education for a patient who has a new prescription for a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which items in the patient's sample lunch menu would require intervention by the nurse? Which lunch menu item requires intervention for MAOI?
- A. Celery sticks
- B. Sliced apples
- C. Bologna sandwich
- D. Glass of whole milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bologna sandwich. MAOIs interact with tyramine, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis. Bologna is a high-tyramine food that can cause this reaction. Celery, apples, and milk are low in tyramine and safe to consume with MAOIs. Therefore, the bologna sandwich requires intervention to prevent potential adverse effects.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has benign prostatic hypertrophy and is taking tamsulosin. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? Which adverse effect of tamsulosin should the nurse monitor?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Orthostatic hypotension
- C. Weight loss
- D. Tinnitus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Orthostatic hypotension. Tamsulosin, an alpha-blocker, can cause relaxation of smooth muscle in blood vessels leading to a drop in blood pressure upon standing, resulting in orthostatic hypotension. The nurse should monitor the patient for symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting when changing positions. Diarrhea (choice A), weight loss (choice C), and tinnitus (choice D) are not commonly associated with tamsulosin use. It is crucial for the nurse to understand the pharmacological effects of tamsulosin to provide safe and effective care for the patient.
A nurse is preparing to infuse ampicillin and gentamicin sulfate intravenously. Which resource should the nurse first consult for information on medication compatibility? Which resource should the nurse consult for compatibility?
- A. Hospital pharmacist
- B. Health care provider
- C. Medication sales representative
- D. Nurse manager
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hospital pharmacist. The pharmacist is the most appropriate resource for medication compatibility information because they have the expertise in drug interactions, contraindications, and compatibility issues. Pharmacists can provide detailed information on how ampicillin and gentamicin sulfate interact when given together intravenously. Consulting a pharmacist ensures patient safety by preventing potential adverse drug reactions. Health care providers may not have detailed knowledge of medication compatibility. Medication sales representatives may have biased information and limited expertise. Nurse managers are not typically trained in pharmacology and drug interactions. Consulting the hospital pharmacist is the best course of action to ensure safe administration of medications.