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A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for gabapentin. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for gabapentin?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Hypertension
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Drowsiness. Gabapentin is known to cause central nervous system side effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse should monitor the patient for signs of drowsiness as it can impact their daily activities and safety. Hypertension (B), diarrhea (C), and tachycardia (D) are not commonly associated with gabapentin use. Therefore, the nurse should primarily focus on monitoring for drowsiness as the most likely adverse effect.
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A nurse is evaluating a patient who is suffering from prostatic hypertrophy. What symptoms associated with urinary retention should the nurse anticipate? What symptoms of urinary retention should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Sensation of pressure
- B. Dysuria
- C. Bladder distension
- D. Tenderness over the symphysis pubis
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answer includes symptoms associated with urinary retention in a patient with prostatic hypertrophy. A: Sensation of pressure is expected due to the bladder being unable to empty completely. B: Dysuria can occur as the bladder becomes overfilled. C: Bladder distension is a common symptom as the bladder fills up but cannot empty fully. D: Tenderness over the symphysis pubis may be present due to the pressure on surrounding structures. Other choices are incorrect as they do not directly relate to urinary retention symptoms in this context.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor? Which lab value should the nurse monitor for TPN?
- A. Serum glucose
- B. Serum calcium
- C. Serum magnesium
- D. Serum sodium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum glucose. When a patient is receiving TPN, monitoring serum glucose levels is crucial as TPN solutions contain high concentrations of glucose. Elevated glucose levels can lead to hyperglycemia, which can result in complications such as osmotic diuresis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. Monitoring glucose levels helps in adjusting TPN infusion rates to maintain a stable blood glucose level.
Incorrect answers:
B: Serum calcium - Calcium levels are not directly affected by TPN and are not typically monitored specifically for patients receiving TPN.
C: Serum magnesium - While magnesium levels may be affected by TPN, glucose monitoring is more critical due to the high glucose content in TPN.
D: Serum sodium - Sodium levels are not directly influenced by TPN and are not typically monitored specifically for patients receiving TPN.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for omeprazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for omeprazole?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Avoid taking with antacids.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication on an empty stomach. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works best when taken on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before a meal. This allows for optimal absorption and effectiveness in reducing stomach acid production. Taking it with food may decrease its absorption and effectiveness. Choice A is incorrect because taking omeprazole with food can interfere with its absorption. Choice C is incorrect as taking it at bedtime may not provide the best conditions for absorption. Choice D is incorrect because omeprazole can be taken with antacids if needed, but it's best to separate the doses by at least 2 hours.
A nurse is preparing to replace a nearly empty container of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for a patient. There has been a delay in receiving the new TPN solution from the pharmacy. Which of the following solutions should the nurse infuse until the next TPN solution is available? Which solution should the nurse infuse during TPN delay?
- A. Lactated Ringer's.
- B. 0.9% sodium chloride.
- C. Sodium chloride.
- D. Dextrose 10% in water.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dextrose 10% in water. During a delay in receiving TPN, it is important to provide a source of glucose to prevent hypoglycemia. Dextrose 10% in water provides a source of glucose for the patient. Lactated Ringer's (A) and 0.9% sodium chloride (B) are isotonic solutions but do not provide glucose. Sodium chloride (C) is a saline solution and does not provide any nutritional value. Therefore, Dextrose 10% in water is the most appropriate choice to prevent hypoglycemia in this situation.
A nurse is preparing to administer clonidine 0.3 mg at bedtime to a patient. The available amount is clonidine 0.1 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? How many clonidine tablets should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: To calculate the number of tablets needed, divide the total dose needed (0.3 mg) by the dose per tablet (0.1 mg). 0.3 mg ÷ 0.1 mg = 3 tablets. Therefore, the nurse should administer 3 tablets per dose.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Not the correct number of tablets based on the dosage calculation.
B: Incorrect - Not the correct number of tablets based on the dosage calculation.
C: Incorrect - Not the correct number of tablets based on the dosage calculation.
D: Incorrect - Not the correct number of tablets based on the dosage calculation.
E: Incorrect - Not the correct number of tablets based on the dosage calculation.
F: Incorrect - Not the correct number of tablets based on the dosage calculation.
G: Incorrect - Not the correct number of tablets based on the dosage calculation.