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A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for lisinopril. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor? Which lab value should the nurse monitor for lisinopril?
- A. Serum potassium
- B. Serum calcium
- C. Serum magnesium
- D. Serum chloride
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should monitor serum potassium levels because lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause potassium retention leading to hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can result in serious cardiac complications. Monitoring potassium levels allows timely intervention if levels become elevated. Serum calcium, magnesium, and chloride are not typically affected by lisinopril, making choices B, C, and D incorrect. The correct answer, A, is crucial for patient safety and reflects the physiological impact of lisinopril on potassium levels.
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A nurse is providing dietary education for a patient who has a new prescription for a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which items in the patient's sample lunch menu would require intervention by the nurse? Which lunch menu item requires intervention for MAOI?
- A. Celery sticks
- B. Sliced apples
- C. Bologna sandwich
- D. Glass of whole milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bologna sandwich. MAOIs interact with tyramine, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis. Bologna is a high-tyramine food that can cause this reaction. Celery, apples, and milk are low in tyramine and safe to consume with MAOIs. Therefore, the bologna sandwich requires intervention to prevent potential adverse effects.
A provider has prescribed quetiapine 50 mg PO, divided equally every 12 hours for 3 days. The available medication is quetiapine 25 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose on the third day? How many quetiapine tablets per dose on day 3?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 tablet. On the third day, the total dose required is 50 mg, which is equivalent to 2 tablets of 25 mg each. Since the dose needs to be divided equally every 12 hours, the nurse should administer 1 tablet per dose on the third day. Choice B (2 tablets) is incorrect as it would result in an overdose of 100 mg. Choices C (3 tablets) and D (4 tablets) are also incorrect for the same reason.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor for? Which finding should the nurse monitor post-thyroidectomy?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Bradypnea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Following a thyroidectomy, the nurse should monitor for tachycardia due to the risk of thyroid storm, which can cause increased heart rate. Hypotension (A) is less common post-thyroidectomy. Hyperglycemia (C) is not a typical finding post-thyroidectomy. Bradypnea (D) is not expected, as respiratory rate should be monitored for signs of airway obstruction.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative following a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following positions should the nurse encourage? Which position should the nurse encourage post-lumbar laminectomy?
- A. Supine with knees flexed
- B. Prone with a pillow under the abdomen
- C. Side-lying with knees bent
- D. High Fowler's with legs elevated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Side-lying with knees bent. This position helps to reduce pressure on the surgical site, promotes proper alignment of the spine, and reduces the risk of complications such as nerve compression. Supine with knees flexed (A) may cause excessive pressure on the surgical site. Prone with a pillow under the abdomen (B) can increase strain on the back. High Fowler's with legs elevated (D) may increase pressure on the surgical site and hinder proper spine alignment.
A nurse is conducting a patient's history and physical examination. Which information should the nurse consider as subjective data? Which information is subjective data?
- A. Petechiae
- B. Nausea
- C. Cyanosis
- D. Fever
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data is information provided by the patient based on their feelings, perceptions, or beliefs. Nausea falls under this category as it is a symptom that the patient experiences and reports subjectively. Petechiae, cyanosis, and fever are objective data as they can be observed or measured directly. Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin, cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen, and fever is an elevated body temperature, all of which can be confirmed through visual inspection or measurement. Therefore, choice B, nausea, is the correct answer as it relies on the patient's subjective experience.