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A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for sertraline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for sertraline?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Avoid driving for the first week.
- D. Report any weight loss.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take the medication at bedtime. Sertraline is an antidepressant that is commonly prescribed to be taken in the evening or at bedtime because it can cause drowsiness. This timing helps minimize potential side effects such as dizziness or drowsiness during waking hours. Taking it at bedtime also helps with patient compliance. Choice B is incorrect because sertraline can be taken with or without food. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific need to avoid driving only for the first week. Choice D is incorrect because weight loss is not a common side effect of sertraline and does not need to be reported.
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A nurse is providing health promotion education to the parents of a toddler. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?,Which information should be included in toddler health promotion education?
- A. Need for increased caloric intake.
- B. How to establish trust.
- C. Management of tantrums.
- D. How to encourage cooperative play.
- E. Dental care.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer includes information on caloric intake (A) to ensure the toddler's proper growth and development. Management of tantrums (C) is crucial for behavioral management. Encouraging cooperative play (D) fosters social skills. Dental care (E) is essential for oral health. Establishing trust (B) is important but not directly related to health promotion. No information is given for choices F and G.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. The nurse discovers a loop of bowel protruding through an opening in the surgical incision. What should the nurse do? What should the nurse do for a protruding bowel?
- A. Gently reinsert the bowel back into the patient's wound.
- B. Place the head of the patient's bed in the flat position.
- C. Apply moistened sterile gauze to the site.
- D. Position the patient on his left side.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply moistened sterile gauze to the site. This is the correct action because it helps to keep the exposed bowel moist, which is crucial to prevent drying and potential damage. Reinserting the bowel (choice A) may cause further harm and should only be done by a surgeon. Placing the head of the bed flat (choice B) can increase intra-abdominal pressure and worsen the situation. Positioning the patient on his left side (choice D) does not address the immediate need to protect the exposed bowel. Applying moistened gauze is the best initial action to protect the bowel while awaiting further medical intervention.
A nurse is educating a patient with multiple sclerosis who has been prescribed baclofen. What guidance should the nurse include in the education? What guidance should the nurse include for baclofen?
- A. Consume the medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Anticipate initial development of diarrhea.
- C. Discontinue the medication immediately if a headache occurs.
- D. Avoid taking antihistamines with this medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Avoid taking antihistamines with this medication.
Rationale:
1. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasms in conditions like multiple sclerosis.
2. Antihistamines can potentiate sedative effects when taken with baclofen, leading to increased drowsiness and dizziness.
3. Combining baclofen with antihistamines can result in impaired motor function and cognitive abilities.
4. It is important to educate the patient to avoid taking antihistamines while on baclofen to prevent these potential adverse effects.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A. Consuming the medication on an empty stomach is not necessary for baclofen.
B. Diarrhea is not a common initial side effect of baclofen.
C. Headache is not a common adverse effect of baclofen that requires immediate discontinuation of the medication.
A nurse is assessing a patient who has schizophrenia and is taking aripiprazole. The nurse should notify the provider of which of the following findings? Which finding should the nurse report for aripiprazole?
- A. Constipation
- B. Weight gain of 5 lb in 1 month
- C. Insomnia
- D. Muscle stiffness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muscle stiffness. Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, including muscle stiffness. This side effect can be a sign of a serious condition called neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The nurse should report this finding promptly to the provider for further evaluation and management. Constipation (A), weight gain (B), and insomnia (C) are common side effects of aripiprazole but are not as urgent or indicative of a potentially serious condition compared to muscle stiffness.
A nurse is instructing a patient who has been newly prescribed sumatriptan tablets for the treatment of migraine headaches. Which instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for sumatriptan?
- A. Report any eyelid swelling after dosage.
- B. Repeat the dose in 1 hour if the headache persists.
- C. Take the medication daily to prevent headaches.
- D. Thoroughly chew the tablet before swallowing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Repeat the dose in 1 hour if the headache persists. Sumatriptan is used to treat acute migraine attacks, and the patient should be instructed to take a second dose if the headache does not improve after the first dose. This is important because it helps ensure adequate relief of symptoms. Choices A and D are incorrect because eyelid swelling is not a common side effect of sumatriptan, and sumatriptan tablets should be swallowed whole without chewing. Choice C is incorrect because sumatriptan is not taken daily for headache prevention; it is used as needed for acute migraine attacks.