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A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following a hip replacement. The nurse should educate the patient to avoid which of the following to prevent hip dislocation?
- A. Crossing the legs at the knees.
- B. Sitting with the feet flat on the floor.
- C. Sleeping on the affected side.
- D. Using assistive devices for ambulation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crossing the legs at the knees. This position can cause hip dislocation due to the twisting motion it creates on the hip joint. When the legs are crossed at the knees, it puts stress on the hip joint, potentially leading to dislocation.
Choice B: Sitting with the feet flat on the floor is a safe position that does not put undue stress on the hip joint.
Choice C: Sleeping on the affected side can also increase the risk of hip dislocation due to the pressure and weight placed on the hip joint in this position.
Choice D: Using assistive devices for ambulation is important for stability and support, and it does not directly contribute to hip dislocation if used correctly.
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While working in the surgical unit, the nurse notices that a patient speaks a language that she cannot understanThe nurse is aware that the hospital has a number of postoperative instructions, translated videos, and brochures in this patient's language, in addition to having a translator on staff. These are all examples of:
- A. language services that are available to all admitted patients.
- B. the standards for cultural and linguistically appropriate services.
- C. ways of addressing diverse communication needs.
- D. efforts to improve patient satisfaction and care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: the standards for cultural and linguistically appropriate services. The rationale is as follows:
1. Cultural and linguistically appropriate services ensure that patients receive care that is respectful of and responsive to their cultural and linguistic needs.
2. Having translated materials and a translator on staff aligns with these standards by providing access to healthcare information in the patient's language.
3. By offering postoperative instructions and resources in the patient's language, the hospital is promoting effective communication and understanding.
4. These services aim to reduce language barriers, improve patient outcomes, and enhance the overall quality of care.
Which critical thinking skill helps the nurse recognize relationships among data?
- A. Validation.
- B. Clustering-related cues.
- C. Identifying gaps in data.
- D. Distinguishing relevant from irrelevant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clustering-related cues. This critical thinking skill helps the nurse recognize relationships among data by grouping related information together. This aids in identifying patterns, connections, and trends within the data, leading to a better understanding of the situation. Validation (A) involves confirming the accuracy of data, not necessarily recognizing relationships. Identifying gaps in data (C) focuses on missing information rather than relationships among existing data. Distinguishing relevant from irrelevant (D) is important but does not directly address recognizing relationships among data. In summary, clustering-related cues (B) is the most relevant skill for recognizing relationships among data in critical thinking.
Which statement correctly exemplifies a critical cultural perspective?
- A. Culture is a relational aspect of people that shifts and changes over time.
- B. Culture assumes that people act in similar ways in all circumstances.
- C. Culture is most clearly reflected in a person's language and behaviour.
- D. Culture adapts to specific environmental factors and available natural resources.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A):
1. A critical cultural perspective recognizes that culture is dynamic and contextual.
2. It acknowledges that culture is not static but evolves over time.
3. Understanding culture as relational highlights the interconnectedness of people and their environment.
4. This perspective emphasizes the importance of considering historical, social, and political factors in analyzing culture.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: This choice assumes cultural homogeneity, which does not account for diversity and variation within cultures.
C: While language and behavior are aspects of culture, they do not encompass the entirety of cultural expressions.
D: This choice oversimplifies culture by suggesting it is solely influenced by environmental factors, neglecting social and historical dimensions.
An example of objective information obtained during the physical assessment includes the patient's:
- A. history of allergies.
- B. use of medications at home.
- C. last menstrual period.
- D. 2 cm x 5 cm scar present on the right forearm.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the presence of a physical characteristic like a scar is an objective finding that can be directly observed and measured during a physical assessment. This information is not subject to interpretation or bias. In contrast, choices A, B, and C involve subjective information that relies on the patient's report or memory, making them less reliable and objective. History of allergies (A) and use of medications (B) are subjective and based on the patient's self-report, while last menstrual period (C) is also subjective and may not always be accurate. Therefore, choice D is the only objective piece of information among the options provided.
A nurse is teaching a patient about managing asthma. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a need for further education?
- A. I will take my rescue inhaler only during an asthma attack.
- B. I should avoid exposure to allergens that trigger my symptoms.
- C. I will use my inhaler before exercise to prevent symptoms.
- D. I should always carry my inhaler with me.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: I will take my rescue inhaler only during an asthma attack. This statement indicates a need for further education because using a rescue inhaler only during an asthma attack is not the correct way to manage asthma. The purpose of a rescue inhaler is to provide quick relief during an asthma attack, but it should also be used as a preventive measure before exposure to known triggers or before exercise to prevent symptoms. Options B, C, and D all demonstrate good understanding of asthma management by indicating the importance of avoiding triggers, using the inhaler preventively, and carrying the inhaler at all times for emergency situations.