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A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following a knee replacement. The nurse should monitor for signs of which of the following complications?
- A. Pulmonary embolism.
- B. Gastrointestinal bleeding.
- C. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
- D. Hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). After knee replacement surgery, the patient is at a higher risk for developing DVT due to immobility and altered blood flow. Monitoring for signs such as calf pain, swelling, and redness is crucial to prevent complications like pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism (Choice A) is a potential complication of untreated DVT. Gastrointestinal bleeding (Choice B) is not directly related to knee replacement surgery. Hypoglycemia (Choice D) is not a common complication post-knee replacement. Monitoring for DVT is essential in preventing life-threatening complications for the patient.
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Expecting that all Chinese persons believe in the hot"“cold theory of health and illness is an example of:
- A. critical cultural perspective.
- B. culturalism.
- C. ethnic practice.
- D. ethnicity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: culturalism. This is because culturalism refers to the belief that all members of a culture share the same beliefs or practices. Expecting all Chinese persons to believe in the hot-cold theory is an example of culturalism as it assumes a homogenous perspective within the Chinese culture.
A: A critical cultural perspective would involve questioning and analyzing cultural beliefs and practices rather than assuming they are universal.
C: Ethnic practice refers to specific customs or traditions within a particular ethnic group, not a general belief system like the hot-cold theory.
D: Ethnicity refers to one's cultural background or heritage, but it does not address the assumption of shared beliefs within a culture.
A nurse is teaching a patient about managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?
- A. I should avoid exposure to second-hand smoke.
- B. I will take my medications as prescribed.
- C. I can stop using my inhaler once I feel better.
- D. I will practice breathing exercises to improve my lung function.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because stopping the inhaler once feeling better is incorrect. Inhalers are used to manage COPD symptoms long-term, not just when feeling unwell. Step 1: Explain that inhalers are essential for managing COPD and should be used consistently. Step 2: Emphasize that stopping inhaler use prematurely can lead to exacerbation of symptoms and worsening of the condition. Step 3: Reinforce the importance of following the prescribed treatment plan for optimal COPD management. Other choices are incorrect: A: True, avoiding second-hand smoke is crucial for COPD management. B: True, taking medications as prescribed is essential. D: True, breathing exercises can help improve lung function.
A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes about managing their condition. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates proper understanding?
- A. I will monitor my blood glucose regularly.
- B. I can stop taking my insulin when my blood glucose is normal.
- C. I should only use my insulin when I feel symptoms of high blood sugar.
- D. I will eat sugary foods if I feel tired or weak.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will monitor my blood glucose regularly." This statement shows proper understanding as monitoring blood glucose levels is essential for managing diabetes effectively. Regular monitoring helps the patient track their blood sugar levels and make informed decisions about medication, diet, and lifestyle.
Incorrect choices:
B: Stopping insulin when blood glucose is normal can lead to dangerous complications.
C: Using insulin only when symptoms of high blood sugar are present is not a safe or effective approach.
D: Eating sugary foods when feeling tired or weak can cause blood sugar spikes and worsen diabetes control.
In summary, choice A is correct because it reflects the importance of consistent blood glucose monitoring in diabetes management, while the other choices suggest potentially harmful misconceptions.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just had a stroke. Which of the following should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Severe headache
- B. Dehydration
- C. Respiratory depression
- D. Sudden loss of vision
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respiratory depression. After a stroke, the patient may experience impaired breathing due to neurological damage affecting the respiratory center in the brain. Monitoring for signs of respiratory depression, such as shallow breathing or decreased oxygen saturation, is crucial to prevent respiratory failure. Severe headache (A) may be a symptom of stroke but is not the highest priority for monitoring. Dehydration (B) is important to prevent but not typically a direct consequence of stroke. Sudden loss of vision (D) may occur with certain types of strokes but is not as critical to monitor as respiratory depression.
The nurse is performing a health assessment on a 16-year-old girl, who has been brought to the clinic by her parents. Which of the following instructions would be appropriate for the parents before the interview begins?
- A. "Please stay with your daughter during the interview; you can answer for her if she is not able to."
- B. "It would help to interview the three of you together."
- C. "While I interview your daughter, will you please stay in the room and complete these family health history questionnaires?"
- D. "While I interview your daughter, will you step out to the waiting room and complete these family health history questionnaires?"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it respects the girl's privacy and allows her to speak freely without parental influence. By asking the parents to step out, the nurse creates a safe space for the girl to discuss any sensitive issues. Choice A may inhibit the girl's honest communication. Choice B risks the parents dominating the conversation. Choice C may make the girl uncomfortable discussing personal matters in front of her parents.