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Which of the following statements reflects a component of spirituality?
- A. It is a belief in the worship of a higher power within an organization.
- B. It involves attendance at a specific church, synagogue, temple, mosque, or house of worship.
- C. It is central to the human experience as a person searches for meaning in life.
- D. It is closely tied to a person's ethnic, social, cultural, and historical background.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because spirituality is a personal and intrinsic search for meaning and purpose in life, which is central to the human experience. This definition aligns with the concept of spirituality as a journey of self-discovery and reflection, independent of organized religion or cultural background.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Worshiping a higher power within an organization implies a religious practice rather than spirituality, which is more individualistic and introspective.
B: Attendance at a specific house of worship is a religious practice, not necessarily reflective of spirituality, which can exist outside formal religious institutions.
D: While spirituality can be influenced by cultural background, it is not solely tied to it, as it transcends social, ethnic, and historical boundaries.
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A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes about managing foot care. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates proper understanding?
- A. I will inspect my feet daily for cuts or blisters.
- B. I will avoid trimming my toenails to prevent injury.
- C. I will wear tight shoes to avoid blisters.
- D. I will ignore any small wounds on my feet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will inspect my feet daily for cuts or blisters." This statement indicates proper understanding because daily foot inspection is crucial for early detection of any wounds, which can prevent complications in diabetic patients.
Incorrect choices:
B: Avoiding trimming toenails can lead to ingrown nails and potential injury.
C: Wearing tight shoes can increase the risk of blisters and discomfort.
D: Ignoring small wounds can lead to infections and more serious foot issues.
In summary, choice A is correct as it promotes proactive foot care, while the other choices can potentially harm the patient's foot health.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a total knee replacement. Which of the following interventions is most important to prevent post-operative complications?
- A. Encouraging early ambulation.
- B. Providing pain medication as needed.
- C. Monitoring for signs of infection.
- D. Administering antibiotics before surgery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encouraging early ambulation. Early ambulation helps prevent complications such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism by improving circulation and preventing blood clots. It also promotes joint mobility and muscle strength. Providing pain medication (B) is important but not as crucial as preventing complications. Monitoring for signs of infection (C) is essential but not the most important intervention. Administering antibiotics before surgery (D) does not directly prevent post-operative complications related to knee replacement.
A patient has had a cerebrovascular accident (stroke). He is trying very hard to communicate. He seems driven to speak and says, "I buy obie get spirding and take my train.' What is the best way for the nurse to communicate with this patient?
- A. Use speech because he will understand even if the nurse cannot understand him.
- B. Abandon all attempts to communicate with him. His aphasia is irreversible.
- C. Give him a pencil and paper because reading and writing abilities will not be impaired.
- D. Support his efforts to communicate, and use pantomime and gestures to communicate when possible.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient is showing signs of expressive aphasia, where they have difficulty with verbal expression. By supporting his efforts to communicate and using pantomime and gestures, the nurse can help bridge the communication gap and facilitate understanding. This approach acknowledges the patient's drive to communicate and helps him convey his thoughts effectively.
Option A is incorrect because although the patient may understand, the nurse needs to adapt the communication method to support the patient's expressive difficulties. Option B is incorrect as abandoning communication efforts would be detrimental to the patient's well-being and recovery. Option C is incorrect as the patient's ability to read and write may also be impaired due to the stroke, making this method less effective than using gestures and pantomime.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following a knee replacement. The nurse should monitor for signs of which of the following complications?
- A. Pulmonary embolism.
- B. Gastrointestinal bleeding.
- C. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
- D. Hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). After knee replacement surgery, the patient is at a higher risk for developing DVT due to immobility and altered blood flow. Monitoring for signs such as calf pain, swelling, and redness is crucial to prevent complications like pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism (Choice A) is a potential complication of untreated DVT. Gastrointestinal bleeding (Choice B) is not directly related to knee replacement surgery. Hypoglycemia (Choice D) is not a common complication post-knee replacement. Monitoring for DVT is essential in preventing life-threatening complications for the patient.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of stroke. The nurse should monitor the patient for signs of:
- A. Pulmonary embolism.
- B. Atrial fibrillation.
- C. Chronic kidney disease.
- D. Sepsis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Atrial fibrillation. Patients with a history of stroke are at an increased risk of atrial fibrillation, a common cause of ischemic stroke. Monitoring for signs of atrial fibrillation such as irregular heartbeat, palpitations, dizziness, and chest discomfort is crucial for early detection and prevention of recurrent strokes. Pulmonary embolism (A), chronic kidney disease (C), and sepsis (D) are not directly associated with a history of stroke and would not be the primary focus of monitoring in this case.