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A nurse is caring for a patient with hypertension. The nurse should educate the patient to avoid which of the following?
- A. Limiting caffeine intake.
- B. Consuming more fruits and vegetables.
- C. Increasing salt intake.
- D. Increasing physical activity.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increasing salt intake. Salt intake can worsen hypertension by causing water retention and increasing blood pressure. Limiting caffeine intake (A) and increasing physical activity (D) are beneficial for managing hypertension. Consuming more fruits and vegetables (B) is also recommended as they are part of a healthy diet that can help lower blood pressure. Overall, educating the patient to avoid increasing salt intake is crucial in managing hypertension effectively.
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A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient who had a stroke. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?
- A. I will take my medications as prescribed.
- B. I will follow up with my doctor regularly.
- C. I can resume driving after a few weeks of rest.
- D. I will report any sudden changes in my vision or speech.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. After a stroke, patients need to be evaluated by a healthcare professional before resuming driving. This is crucial to ensure the safety of the patient and others on the road. Choice A shows medication compliance, B demonstrates follow-up care, and D emphasizes monitoring symptoms, all of which are essential post-stroke. However, choice C indicates a lack of understanding about the importance of medical clearance before driving, hence the need for further education.
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the concept of ethnicity?
- A. Ethnicity is dynamic and ever changing because of political forces.
- B. Ethnicity refers to a group that shares heritage, culture, language, or religion.
- C. Ethnicity refers to the belief in a higher power or being.
- D. Ethnicity is a learned behaviour that includes language and socialization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because ethnicity is defined by shared heritage, culture, language, or religion. This definition encompasses the key components that make up an individual's ethnic identity. Choice A is incorrect because while political forces may influence ethnicity, it does not define the concept itself. Choice C is incorrect as ethnicity is not necessarily related to belief in a higher power. Choice D is incorrect as ethnicity is not solely a learned behavior but also includes innate aspects like heritage.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following a cesarean section. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
- A. Administering pain medication as prescribed.
- B. Encouraging the patient to breastfeed immediately.
- C. Monitoring for signs of hemorrhage.
- D. Encouraging ambulation to prevent deep vein thrombosis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitoring for signs of hemorrhage. This is the priority intervention because post-cesarean section hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication that requires immediate attention. The nurse should monitor the patient's vital signs, uterine firmness, and amount of vaginal bleeding to detect any signs of hemorrhage and take prompt action if necessary.
Option A is incorrect because pain management is important but not the priority in this situation. Option B is also incorrect as breastfeeding can be encouraged after the patient's condition is stable. Option D is not the priority as preventing deep vein thrombosis is important but not as urgent as monitoring for hemorrhage.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of hypertension. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
- A. Administering antihypertensive medication as prescribed.
- B. Encouraging weight loss.
- C. Monitoring blood pressure regularly.
- D. Promoting a low-sodium diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering antihypertensive medication as prescribed. This is the priority intervention because it directly addresses the patient's hypertension, which is a critical condition that needs immediate management to prevent complications. Encouraging weight loss (B), monitoring blood pressure (C), and promoting a low-sodium diet (D) are all important aspects of managing hypertension. However, administering antihypertensive medication takes precedence as it directly targets lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. Weight loss, monitoring, and dietary changes are important for long-term management but may not provide immediate control of hypertension compared to medication.
A nurse is assessing a patient with chronic kidney disease. The nurse should prioritize which of the following lab values?
- A. Serum creatinine levels.
- B. Hemoglobin levels.
- C. White blood cell count.
- D. Platelet count.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum creatinine levels. In patients with chronic kidney disease, monitoring serum creatinine levels is crucial because it reflects kidney function. An increase in creatinine levels indicates worsening kidney function. Hemoglobin levels (B) are important in assessing anemia, common in CKD, but not the priority. White blood cell count (C) and platelet count (D) may indicate infection or bleeding, respectively, but are not specific to kidney function in this context.