Nokea
A nurse is caring for an elderly client who has received cimetidine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform?
- A. Monitor the client for complaints of pain or sour taste.
- B. Monitor the client for concentrated urine and restlessness.
- C. Closely monitor the client for confusion and dizziness.
- D. Report symptoms of tardive dyskinesia to the primary health care provider.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should closely monitor the elderly client who has been administered cimetidine for confusion and dizziness. When the client is receiving an antiemetic, the nurse monitors the client frequently for continued complaints of pain, sour taste, spitting blood, or coffee-ground-colored emesis. When antacids are given to the client, the nurse should observe the client for concentrated urine and restlessness. When the client is administered prolonged doses of metoclopramide, the nurse reports any sign of tardive dyskinesia or extrapyramidal symptoms to the primary health care provider.
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At a yearly physical examination, a client asks the nurse if it would be okay to take ginger to aid with digestion. Before telling the client it is okay to take ginger, which medical conditions should the nurse make sure the client does not have?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Kidney stones
- C. Vitamin B12 deficiency
- D. Gallstones
- E. Tayer disease
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Ginger should be used cautiously in clients with hypertension or gallstones and during pregnancy and lactation.
When describing the action of which drug would the nurse explain that it works to reduce gastric motility and decrease the amount of acid secreted by the stomach via blockade of cholinergic receptors?
- A. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
- B. Ranitidine (Zantac)
- C. Propantheline (Pro-Banthine)
- D. Sucralfate (Carafate)
- E. Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: Propantheline (Pro-Banthine) and glycopyrrolate (Robinul) are anticholinergic drugs used to reduce gastric motility and decrease the amount of acid secreted by the stomach via blockade of cholinergic receptors.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about upper gastrointestinal system drugs. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as a proton pump inhibitor?
- A. Nizatidine
- B. Omeprazole
- C. Esomeprazole
- D. Sucralfate
- E. Misoprostol
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Omeprazole and esomeprazole are examples of proton pump inhibitors. Nizatidine is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist. Sucralfate and misoprostol are examples of miscellaneous acid reducers.
Which of the following antacids may have a laxative effect and should be used cautiously in clients who have chronic diarrhea?
- A. Calcium carbonate (Mylanta)
- B. Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
- C. Magnesium oxide (Mag-Ox)
- D. Aluminum hydroxide (ALternaGEL)
- E. Sodium bicarbonate (Bell/ans)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The magnesium- and sodium-containing antacids may have a laxative effect and may produce diarrhea. Aluminum- and calcium-containing antacids tend to produce constipation.
Before administering a prescribed emetic, which of the following would the nurse need to assess?
- A. What chemicals or substances were ingested?
- B. What are the client's current medications?
- C. What time was the substance ingested?
- D. What is the client's blood pressure?
- E. What symptoms were noted before seeking treatment?
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Before an emetic is given, it is extremely important to know the chemicals or substances that have been ingested, the time they were ingested, and what symptoms were noted before seeking medical treatment.