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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has been prescribed amoxapine for depression accompanied by anxiety. After administration of the drug, the nurse observes muscle rigidity and sweating. The nurse identifies these as the symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse do next?
- A. Suggest the client engage in exercise
- B. Get the client to drink a glass of cold water
- C. Encourage the client to breathe deeply
- D. Stop the drug and contact the physician
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a medical emergency; stopping the drug and contacting the physician is the appropriate action.
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A client is receiving lithium therapy at a health care facility. The client informs the nurse that he is taking antacids for heartburn. The nurse would be alert for which of the following due to the interaction of the two drugs?
- A. Decreased effectiveness of lithium
- B. Increased risk of lithium toxicity
- C. Increased risk for bipolar disorder
- D. Increased psychotic symptoms
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antacids can reduce lithium absorption, leading to decreased effectiveness of the drug.
After teaching a group of nursing students about possible adverse reactions associated with trazodone, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following?
- A. Sexual dysfunction
- B. Insomnia
- C. Priapism
- D. Diarrhea
- E. Dry mouth
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: Trazodone is associated with priapism and dry mouth as notable adverse reactions due to its pharmacological profile.
A nurse is caring for an individual who is to receive antidepressant therapy on an outpatient basis. What precaution should the nurse suggest to prevent risk of injury if the client experiences dizziness when getting out of bed?
- A. Strictly avoid movements if dizziness occurs
- B. Rise slowly when getting out of bed
- C. Have breakfast before getting out of bed
- D. Have a glass of water to overcome dizziness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rising slowly helps prevent orthostatic hypotension, a common side effect of antidepressants that can cause dizziness.
A client is prescribed paroxetine. When teaching the client about this drug, which of the following would the nurse include as a possible adverse reaction?
- A. Sexual dysfunction
- B. Insomnia
- C. Somnolence
- D. Diarrhea
- E. Constipation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Paroxetine, an SSRI, may cause a wide range of side effects including sexual dysfunction, insomnia, somnolence, diarrhea, and constipation.
A client is prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for depression. During the initial interview, with the client, the nurse understands that the client is also receiving an adrenergic agent. The nurse would be alert for which of the following?
- A. Increased risk for hypertensive episodes
- B. Increased risk for severe convulsions
- C. Increased risk for hyperpyretic episodes
- D. Increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MAOIs combined with adrenergic agents can lead to cardiac arrhythmias due to excessive catecholamine activity.