Nokea
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about antidepressants. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as an example of a serotonin/norepinephrine and dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor?
- A. Doxepin
- B. Venlafaxine
- C. Bupropion
- D. Sertraline
- E. Escitalopram
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Venlafaxine and bupropion inhibit reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or dopamine, distinguishing them from other antidepressants.
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When describing the action of antidepressants, the nursing instructor would include the belief that they exert their effect by causing slow adaptive changes to which of the following receptor systems?
- A. Beta-adrenergic
- B. Baroreceptors
- C. Norepinephrine
- D. Serotonin
- E. Nicotinic
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Antidepressants, particularly those affecting monoamine systems, induce adaptive changes in norepinephrine and serotonin receptor systems, enhancing neurotransmission over time.
The nurse is reviewing the medical records of several clients who are receiving lithium. Which of the following would the nurse identify as being at increased risk for the development of lithium toxicity?
- A. Clients receiving furosemide (Lasix)
- B. Clients experiencing diarrhea
- C. Clients with renal insufficiency
- D. Clients with liver cirrhosis
- E. Clients experiencing vomiting
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Diuretics like furosemide, diarrhea, vomiting, and renal insufficiency increase lithium levels by reducing clearance, heightening toxicity risk.
Which of the following antidepressants exert their effects by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin?
- A. Amitriptyline
- B. Bupropion
- C. Clomipramine
- D. Fluoxetine
- E. Escitalopram
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine and escitalopram specifically target serotonin reuptake, enhancing serotonin levels in the brain.
A client is prescribed paroxetine. When teaching the client about this drug, which of the following would the nurse include as a possible adverse reaction?
- A. Sexual dysfunction
- B. Insomnia
- C. Somnolence
- D. Diarrhea
- E. Constipation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Paroxetine, an SSRI, may cause a wide range of side effects including sexual dysfunction, insomnia, somnolence, diarrhea, and constipation.
A client is receiving lithium therapy at a health care facility. The client informs the nurse that he is taking antacids for heartburn. The nurse would be alert for which of the following due to the interaction of the two drugs?
- A. Decreased effectiveness of lithium
- B. Increased risk of lithium toxicity
- C. Increased risk for bipolar disorder
- D. Increased psychotic symptoms
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antacids can reduce lithium absorption, leading to decreased effectiveness of the drug.