ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Related

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A client is admitted with a pulmonary embolism (PE). The client is young, healthy, and active, and has no known risk factors for PE. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

  • A. Encourage the client to walk for 5 minutes each hour.
  • B. Refer the client for smoking cessation classes.
  • C. Teach the client about factor V Leiden testing.
  • D. Explain to the client that sometimes no cause for the disease is found.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because teaching the client about factor V Leiden testing is important in this scenario. Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation that increases the risk of blood clot formation, including pulmonary embolism. Since the client has no known risk factors for PE, testing for this specific genetic mutation can help identify an underlying cause. Encouraging walking (choice A) is generally beneficial but may not address the root cause. Referring for smoking cessation (choice B) is not relevant in this case. Explaining that sometimes no cause is found (choice D) is not proactive and may lead to missed opportunities for prevention.

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Which factors predispose a client to hypoxia during the immediate postoperative period?

  • A. Pooling of secretions in the lungs
  • B. Fluid and electrolyte loss
  • C. Physical and psychological trauma
  • D. Increased mobility
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because pooled secretions can obstruct airways, leading to hypoxia.

Which physiological response is often associated with surgery-related stress?

  • A. Bronchial constriction.
  • B. Decreased cortisol levels.
  • C. Peripheral vasodilation.
  • D. Sodium and water retention.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Stress activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, leading to sodium and water retention.

While on a hiking trip, Mr. Jones states that a branch of a tree struck his eye. Part of the branch remains lodged in the eye, and the eyelid is bleeding. Appropriate emergency treatment would include

  • A. covering the eye with a protective shield
  • B. encouraging Mr. Jones to hold his eye closed tightly
  • C. applying a pressure dressing to the eye
  • D. removing the foreign body and applying a sterile dressing
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Covering the eye with a protective shield prevents further injury while awaiting professional medical evaluation and removal of the foreign object.

A newly graduated nurse in the hospital states that, since she is so new, she cannot participate in quality improvement (QI) projects. What response by the precepting nurse is best?

  • A. All staff nurses are required to participate in quality improvement projects.
  • B. Even as a new nurse, you can implement activities designed to improve care.
  • C. It's easy to identify which indicators should be used to measure quality improvement.
  • D. You should ask to be assigned to the research and quality committee.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because even as a new nurse, one can contribute to improving care by implementing activities. This response encourages the new nurse to actively engage in the quality improvement process, fostering a sense of ownership and commitment to enhancing patient outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as participation in QI projects is not solely based on tenure. Choice C is incorrect as identifying indicators requires knowledge and experience. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests a specific assignment rather than empowering the new nurse to take initiative in improving care.

A healthcare professional assesses a client's respiratory status. Which information is of highest priority for the healthcare professional to obtain?

  • A. Average daily fluid intake
  • B. Neck circumference
  • C. Height & weight
  • D. Occupation & hobbies
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occupation & hobbies. This information is crucial as certain occupations or hobbies may expose the client to respiratory hazards, influencing their respiratory status. The healthcare professional needs to assess potential respiratory risks in the client's environment.

A: Average daily fluid intake is important for overall health but not directly related to respiratory status assessment.
B: Neck circumference is more relevant for assessing risk of obstructive sleep apnea rather than overall respiratory status.
C: Height & weight are important for assessing overall health and potential respiratory issues like obesity, but not as immediate as assessing respiratory hazards in the client's daily activities.

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