Nokea
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate. The nurse should report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Hot flashes
- C. Diplopia
- D. Epigastric pain
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epigastric pain. Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement commonly known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as epigastric pain, nausea, and constipation. The rationale behind this is that iron can irritate the stomach lining, leading to discomfort or pain in the epigastric region. Tinnitus (A), hot flashes (B), and diplopia (C) are not typically associated with ferrous sulfate administration. Tinnitus is more commonly linked to aspirin toxicity, hot flashes are often related to hormonal changes, and diplopia is a symptom of various neurological conditions. Thus, the nurse should report epigastric pain as a potential adverse effect of ferrous sulfate.
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A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed RBCs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Ensure that the unit of packed RBCs is transfused within 6 hr.
- B. Obtain 0.9% sodium chloride solution for IV infusion.
- C. Use filterless IV tubing for the transfusion.
- D. Remain at the client's bedside for the first 5 min of the transfusion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because 0.9% sodium chloride solution is the appropriate IV solution to use when administering packed RBCs to prevent hemolysis. The sodium chloride solution is isotonic, which helps maintain the integrity of the RBCs during transfusion. Other choices are incorrect because: A: There is no specific time limit within which packed RBCs must be transfused. C: Using filterless IV tubing can increase the risk of air embolism and contamination. D: Remaining at the client's bedside for only 5 minutes is inadequate for monitoring potential adverse reactions during the transfusion.
A nurse is talking with a client who takes NSAIDs routinely to treat osteoarthritis and has a new prescription for misoprostol. The client asks the nurse why he needs the second medication. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
- A. Misoprostol will help prevent stomach ulcers, which can develop from taking NSAIDs for a long time.
- B. Misoprostol helps protect you against the effects long-term NSAID use can have on your kidney function.
- C. Misoprostol will boost the effectiveness of the NSAIDs, so you can get the same pain relief with lower dosages.
- D. Misoprostol is a very effective antacid that will help reduce the stomach irritation you can get from NSAIDs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because misoprostol is often prescribed along with NSAIDs to help prevent stomach ulcers that can develop from long-term NSAID use. NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers. Misoprostol works by reducing the production of stomach acid and protecting the stomach lining. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because misoprostol is specifically used to protect the stomach from NSAID-related ulcers, not to protect kidney function, boost NSAID effectiveness, or act as an antacid.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Levodopa
- B. Baclofen
- C. Fenofibrate
- D. Risperidone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risperidone. Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication commonly used to treat schizophrenia by helping to manage symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Levodopa (A) is used for Parkinson's disease, Baclofen (B) is a muscle relaxant, and Fenofibrate (C) is used to lower cholesterol. Administering any of these medications to a client with schizophrenia would not address their symptoms effectively.
A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?
- A. Fish oil supplements
- B. Bulk-forming laxatives
- C. Oral antihistamines
- D. Calcium supplements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Calcium supplements. Calcium can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, reducing its effectiveness. It is recommended to avoid taking calcium supplements within 4 hours of levothyroxine to ensure proper absorption. Fish oil supplements (A), bulk-forming laxatives (B), and oral antihistamines (C) do not typically interfere with levothyroxine absorption, so they are safe to take without waiting 4 hours.
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?
- A. Hydrochlorothiazide
- B. Antacid
- C. Acetaminophen
- D. Lovastatin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Antacid. Tetracycline can bind to certain substances, like calcium in antacids, reducing its absorption. By taking the antacid 3 hours before or after tetracycline, the client can ensure optimal absorption of the antibiotic. Choice A, hydrochlorothiazide, does not interact significantly with tetracycline. Choices C and D also do not have significant interactions with tetracycline.