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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has pancreatitis and a new prescription for pancrelipase. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will take this medication whole.
- B. I can expect this medication to cure the pancreatitis.
- C. I should discontinue the medication if I develop fatty stools.
- D. I will take this medication at bedtime.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will take this medication whole." This is correct because pancrelipase should be taken whole to ensure the proper release of enzymes in the small intestine for digestion. Option B is incorrect because pancrelipase does not cure pancreatitis but helps with digestion. Option C is incorrect because fatty stools are expected side effects of pancrelipase and not a reason to discontinue the medication. Option D is incorrect because pancrelipase should be taken with meals or snacks, not specifically at bedtime.
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A nurse is caring for a client who has Graves' disease and is to start therapy with propylthiouracil. The nurse should expect which of the following outcomes?
- A. Decreased heart rate
- B. Decreased WBC count
- C. Increased Hgb
- D. Increased blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased heart rate. Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid medication used to treat hyperthyroidism in conditions like Graves' disease. It works by inhibiting the production of thyroid hormones. Since hyperthyroidism can cause an increased heart rate due to the excess thyroid hormones, the expected outcome of propylthiouracil therapy is a decreased heart rate as it helps normalize thyroid hormone levels. The other choices are incorrect because propylthiouracil does not directly affect WBC count (B), Hgb levels (C), or blood pressure (D) in the context of treating hyperthyroidism.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who takes furosemide daily for heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse review before administering the medication?
- A. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- B. Thyroxine
- C. Serum potassium
- D. Serum aspartate aminotransferase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Serum potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium depletion, leading to hypokalemia. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (A) is not relevant for assessing furosemide therapy. Thyroxine (B) is a thyroid hormone and not directly affected by furosemide. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (D) is a liver enzyme and not specifically impacted by furosemide administration.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cystic fibrosis. The client is taking pancrelipase and has a new onset of steatorrhea. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You are experiencing an adverse reaction to the medication.
- B. You need to increase the fat intake in your diet.
- C. You should chew the medication completely.
- D. You should take this medication with food.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pancrelipase helps with digestion of fats. Taking it with food allows for proper mixing with food in the stomach, aiding in digestion. This is crucial for absorption of nutrients in cystic fibrosis. Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Steatorrhea is not an adverse reaction but a sign of inadequate fat digestion.
B: Increasing fat intake can worsen steatorrhea in cystic fibrosis.
C: Chewing the medication does not affect fat digestion.
In summary, taking pancrelipase with food optimizes its effectiveness in aiding fat digestion and absorption in cystic fibrosis.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Hepatic enzymes process medications more rapidly.
- B. Gastric emptying rate increases.
- C. Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications.
- D. Renal excretion time slows for medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Renal excretion time slows for medication. As individuals age, there is a decline in renal function, leading to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow. This results in a slower excretion of medications from the body, leading to potential accumulation and increased risk of toxicity. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as hepatic enzymes may actually decrease in function with age, gastric emptying rate tends to slow down, and brain receptors can become more sensitive rather than less sensitive to medications in older adults.
A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?
- A. Fish oil supplements
- B. Bulk-forming laxatives
- C. Oral antihistamines
- D. Calcium supplements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Calcium supplements. Calcium can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, reducing its effectiveness. It is recommended to avoid taking calcium supplements within 4 hours of levothyroxine to ensure proper absorption. Fish oil supplements (A), bulk-forming laxatives (B), and oral antihistamines (C) do not typically interfere with levothyroxine absorption, so they are safe to take without waiting 4 hours.