Nokea
A nurse is collecting data from an infant who has otitis media. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Bluish-green discharge from the ear canal
- B. Erythema and edema of the affected auricle
- C. Increase in appetite
- D. Tugging on the affected ear lobe
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bluish-green discharge from the ear canal is not a typical finding in otitis media. This could suggest a different condition, such as an external ear infection or a ruptured eardrum. Erythema and edema of the affected auricle (outer part of the ear) are not typical findings in otitis media. These symptoms are more commonly associated with conditions affecting the external ear, such as otitis externa. An increase in appetite is not typically associated with otitis media. In fact, children with otitis media may have a decreased appetite due to discomfort or pain while swallowing. Tugging on the affected ear lobe is a common sign of otitis media in infants and young children. This is often due to the pain and discomfort caused by the infection.
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A nurse is providing care to a group of children at a pediatric clinic. Which of the following children meets the criteria to receive a varicella vaccine?
- A. A child who received a blood transfusion 1 month ago.
- B. A child currently receiving immunoglobulins.
- C. A child currently receiving chemotherapy.
- D. A child who has a cold and nasal discharge.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A child who received a blood transfusion 1 month ago is not recommended to receive the varicella vaccine. This is because blood transfusions can introduce new antibodies into the body that may interfere with the immune response to the vaccine. A child currently receiving immunoglobulins should not receive the varicella vaccine. Immunoglobulins are proteins in the blood that function as antibodies. They can interfere with the body's immune response to the vaccine. A child currently receiving chemotherapy should not receive the varicella vaccine. Chemotherapy can weaken the immune system, making it less effective at responding to vaccines. A child who has a cold and nasal discharge can receive the varicella vaccine. Mild illnesses, such as a cold, do not interfere with the immune response to the vaccine.
A child weighs 6 lbs and is to receive Ampicillin 50 mg/kg/24 hrs and then it's divided into q hr doses. How many mg will he receive with each dose?
- A. 90 mg
- B. 60 mg
- C. 36 mg
- D. 290 mg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Convert the child's weight from lbs to kg. Since 1 lb is approximately 0.45 kg, a child who weighs 6 lbs weighs approximately 2.72 kg (6 lbs × 0.45 =2.72 kg). Step 2: Calculate the total daily dose of Ampicillin. The total daily dose is 50 mg/kg/day, so for a child who weighs 2.72 kg, the total daily dose would be approximately 136 mg (50 mg/kg/day × 2.72 kg = 136 mg/day). Step 3: Since the total daily dose is divided into q hr doses (4 doses per day), each dose would be approximately 34 mg (136 mg/day ÷ 4 doses/day = 34 mg/dose). So, the child will receive approximately 34 mg of Ampicillin with each dose.
A nurse at a pediatric hotline receives a call from a mother who plans to administer aspirin to a toddler for a fever and wants to know the dosage. Which of the following statements by the nurse is an appropriate response?
- A. Follow the directions on the aspirin bottle for her age and weight.'
- B. She should be given acetaminophen, not aspirin.'
- C. Just be sure you administer the medication with food.'
- D. Give her no more than three baby aspirin every 4 hours.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It's not advisable to follow the directions on the aspirin bottle for her age and weight. Aspirin is not recommended for use in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition that can affect the liver and brain. This is the correct response. Acetaminophen is a safer alternative to aspirin for managing fever in children. While it's generally a good idea to administer medication with food to prevent stomach upset, this advice does not address the specific risks associated with giving aspirin to a toddler. Giving a toddler three baby aspirin every 4 hours is not recommended due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.
A nurse is caring for a child who has tinea pedis. The child's parent asks the nurse what this infection is commonly called. The nurse should respond with which of the following common names?
- A. Shingles
- B. Athlete's foot
- C. Fever blister
- D. Pinworms
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection that causes a painful rash and is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Tinea pedis is a foot infection due to a dermatophyte fungus. It is the most common dermatophyte infection and is particularly prevalent in hot, tropical, urban environments. Interdigital involvement is most commonly seen (this presentation is also known as athlete's foot, although some people use the term for any kind of tinea pedis). Fever blister, also known as cold sores, are caused by the herpes simplex virus. They are small, fluid-filled blisters that develop on the lips or around the mouth. Pinworms are a type of parasite that lives in the lower intestine of humans. They are tiny, narrow worms. They are white and less than a half-inch long.
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has intussusception. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
- A. Mucus and blood in stools.
- B. Increased appetite.
- C. Jaundice.
- D. Drooling.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mucus and blood in stools, often described as 'currant jelly' stools, are a common symptom of intussusception. Increased appetite is not typically associated with intussusception. In fact, children with this condition may experience decreased appetite due to abdominal pain. Jaundice is not a symptom of intussusception. Jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes, is more commonly associated with liver conditions. Drooling is not a typical symptom of intussusception. Symptoms of intussusception are primarily gastrointestinal, including abdominal pain and bloody stools.