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A nurse is completing a home visit of a new mother who is breast-feeding her infant. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide during this visit?
- A. Consume 500 kcal/day above pre-pregnancy energy intake to avoid excessive weight loss.
- B. Drink 1 quart of fluids daily to produce sufficient quantity of breast milk.
- C. Use formula to provide the infant supplementation between feedings.
- D. Use a pacifier to help the infant to fall asleep so he does not fall asleep when breast-feeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adequate fluid intake is essential for breastfeeding mothers to produce sufficient milk.
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A deviation of the line of vision from the midline resulting from extraocular muscle weakness or imbalance is known as:
- A. Amblyopia
- B. Farsightedness
- C. Nearsightedness
- D. Strabismus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Strabismus is the misalignment of the eyes, often due to muscle imbalance, which may require treatment.
Which dental health advice should be included in an occupational health fair?
- A. "Drinking bottled water helps prevent tooth decay."
- B. "Gingivitis results in bone destruction and can be eliminated by flossing daily."
- C. "Preventive dental care requires a visit to the dentist every 4 months."
- D. "In addition to screening for tooth decay, dentists screen for mouth cancer."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dentists may be the first to detect conditions such as mouth cancer, making regular dental check-ups crucial.
Which of the following concepts of ethics is described as the “duty to maximize the benefits of actions while minimizing harm”?
- A. Advocacy
- B. Justice
- C. Beneficence
- D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Beneficence involves actions that promote the well-being of others and minimize harm.
A nurse is completing an initial genetic counseling interview with a couple. Which of the following data would be collected during the interview?
- A. Paternal age
- B. Maternal age
- C. Family history
- D. Religious affiliation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maternal age and family history are key factors collected during genetic counseling to assess genetic risks.
A nurse is counseling a 40-year-old person who is going to start an exercise program. Which of the following heart rate ranges would the nurse encourage the person to maintain while exercising?
- A. 70 to 140 beats/min
- B. 80 to 143 beats/min
- C. 90 to 153 beats/min
- D. 100 to 180 beats/min
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exercise intensity should be 50% to 85% of maximum heart rate, which for a 40-year-old is 90 to 153 beats per minute.