Nokea
A nurse is conducting a health interview and is assessing for integumentary conditions that are known to have a genetic component. What assessment question is most appropriate?
- A. Does anyone in your family have eczema or psoriasis?
- B. Have any of your family members been diagnosed with malignant melanoma?
- C. Do you have a family history of vitiligo or port-wine stains?
- D. Does any member of your family have a history of keloid scarring?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eczema and psoriasis have a known genetic component, making this the most relevant question. Melanoma, vitiligo, port-wine stains, and keloid scarring have less consistent genetic links.
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A patient with a suspected malignant melanoma is referred to the dermatology clinic. The nurse knows to facilitate what diagnostic test to rule out a skin malignancy?
- A. Tzanck smear
- B. Skin biopsy
- C. Patch testing
- D. Skin scrapings
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A skin biopsy is used to diagnose or rule out skin malignancies like melanoma. Tzanck smears diagnose blistering conditions, patch testing identifies allergens, and skin scrapings detect fungal infections.
While waiting to see the physician, a patient shows the nurse skin areas that are flat, nonpalpable, and have had a change of color. The nurse recognizes that the patient is demonstrating what?
- A. Macules
- B. Papules
- C. Vesicles
- D. Pustules
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macules are flat, nonpalpable skin color changes. Papules are elevated and solid, vesicles contain serous fluid, and pustules are pus-filled.
A dermatologist has asked the nurse to assist with examination of a patients skin using a Woods light. This test will allow the physician to assess for which of the following?
- A. The presence of minute regions of keloid scarring
- B. Unusual patterns of pigmentation on the patients skin
- C. Vascular lesions that are not visible to the naked eye
- D. The presence of parasites on the epidermis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Woods light helps identify pigmentation patterns, distinguishing epidermal from dermal lesions. It does not detect keloids, vascular lesions, or parasites.
A patient is suspected of developing an allergy to an environmental substance and has been given a patch test. During the test, the patient develops fine blisters, papules, and severe itching. The nurse knows that this is indicative of what strength reaction?
- A. Weak positive
- B. Moderately positive
- C. Strong positive
- D. Severely positive
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fine blisters, papules, and severe itching indicate a moderately positive patch test reaction. Weak positive shows redness and itching, while strong positive includes blisters and ulceration.
A wound care nurse is reviewing skin anatomy with a group of medical nurses. Which area of the skin would the nurse identify as providing a cushion between the skin layers, muscles, and bones?
- A. Dermis
- B. Subcutaneous tissue
- C. Epidermis
- D. Stratum corneum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) cushions between skin layers, muscles, and bones. The dermis provides strength, the epidermis is the outer layer, and the stratum corneum is the outermost epidermal layer.