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A nurse is counseling a person who has recently started to receive treatment for alcohol abuse. Which factor would most negatively influence the person’s decision to stop abusing alcohol?
- A. He is a Catholic
- B. His wife recently died from breast cancer
- C. Buying alcohol is expensive
- D. He was educated on the dangers of excessive drinking
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Major life stresses, such as the recent death of a loved one, can negatively influence decisions to stop alcohol abuse.
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A nurse is developing an exercise program for a person with moderate osteoarthritis of the knees. Which of the following forms of exercise would the nurse include in this program?
- A. Step aerobics
- B. Running
- C. Water aerobics
- D. Bike riding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Water aerobics provide a low-impact exercise option that relieves stress on the joints.
A community health nurse is using the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) as a guide while developing an education presentation about nutrition for a community group. How will the use of the DRIs be helpful in developing this presentation?
- A. It considers the unique differences among children, pregnant women, and elderly people.
- B. It contains well-researched data that are reviewed on an annual basis.
- C. It is prescriptive in the amount of nutrients that are needed on a daily basis.
- D. It serves as an overall guideline for the population.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DRIs provide guidelines for populations, offering general guidance rather than specific daily nutrient amounts.
A home health nurse is admitting a 54-year-old man for services following a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). What is the purpose of this nursing action?
- A. Allows for inclusion of family members in decision-making
- B. Allows for health promotion and disease prevention appraisal
- C. Allows for development of patient-centered care
- D. Allows for data collection necessary for comparison to Healthy People 2020
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family assessments enable health promotion, disease prevention, and include family in decision-making.
Cognition in older adults: What is true?
- A. "Mild dementia is normal with aging."
- B. "All forms of dementia have the same symptoms."
- C. "Assessment for dementia should be part of routine exams."
- D. "Elders scoring below 27 on the MMSE are unlikely to have cognitive problems."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular cognitive assessments help detect changes in function; dementia is not normal with aging.
A community is in the maintenance stage of change. Which of the following would be an appropriate intervention for the community health nurse?
- A. Highlight past successes
- B. Discuss the benefits of changing
- C. Develop strategies to prevent relapse
- D. Provide information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the maintenance stage, the nurse should focus on developing strategies to prevent relapse and sustain the positive changes.