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A nurse is demonstrating behaviors that the treatment team is attempting to get the patient to develop. The nurse is integrating which theory?
- A. Erikson?s model of psychosocial development
- B. Albert Bandura?s social cognitive theory
- C. Skinner?s operant conditioning
- D. Freud?s psychoanalytic model
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albert Bandura?s social cognitive theory emphasizes learning through observation and modeling. The nurse demonstrating desired behaviors for the patient to emulate aligns with this theory. Erikson focuses on developmental stages, Skinner on reinforcement, and Freud on unconscious drives.
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While working with an older male patient, the nurse begins to think that the patient reminds the nurse of her grandfather and responds as if she was the granddaughter. The nurse is developing which of the following?
- A. Empathy
- B. Transference
- C. Countertransference
- D. Modeling
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Countertransference occurs when the nurse projects personal feelings or experiences onto the patient, such as responding as if the patient were her grandfather. Transference is the patient?s projection onto the nurse, empathy is understanding the patient?s feelings, and modeling involves demonstrating behaviors.
When describing the influence of Harry Stack Sullivan on psychiatric-mental health nursing, which of the following would the instructor address as a major concept?
- A. Interpersonal relations
- B. Harmony between the individual and society
- C. Collective unconscious
- D. Unconditional positive regard
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Harry Stack Sullivan emphasized interpersonal relations as the foundation of personality development and mental health. His theory focuses on how interactions with others shape behavior and mental well-being. Harmony is a broader concept, the collective unconscious is Jung?s theory, and unconditional positive regard is associated with Carl Rogers.
The nurse is integrating Peplau?s model when providing care to a patient with a mental illness. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a key component?
- A. Suffering
- B. Anxiety
- C. Self-care
- D. Nonverbal behaviors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hildegard Peplau?s interpersonal model identifies anxiety as a key component, as it drives patient behavior and influences the nurse-patient relationship. The model focuses on therapeutic interactions to address anxiety. Suffering is less specific, self-care aligns with Orem, and nonverbal behaviors are secondary.
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on an inpatient unit that uses a privilege system. The nurse understands that this intervention integrates which group of theories?
- A. Behavioral
- B. Developmental
- C. Humanistic
- D. Cognitive
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A privilege system, where behaviors are reinforced with rewards, aligns with behavioral theories, particularly operant conditioning (e.g., Skinner?s work). Developmental theories focus on growth stages, humanistic theories emphasize personal growth, and cognitive theories address thought processes.
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is integrating Carl Rogers? theory into the plan of care for a patient with a mental illness. The nurse incorporates understanding of this theory by acknowledging that the therapist accomplishes which of the following?
- A. Provide validation of the terminology used during the session.
- B. Focus on the client?s instinctual drives.
- C. Recognize an understanding of the client?s basic needs.
- D. Develop unconditional positive regard for the client.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carl Rogers? humanistic theory emphasizes unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness to foster client growth. This involves accepting the client without judgment. Validation of terminology is not a core concept, instinctual drives are Freudian, and basic needs align more with Maslow.