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A nurse is discussing fertility preservation options for a young woman undergoing cancer treatment. What should the nurse highlight?
- A. Embryo freezing is the only effective preservation method.
- B. Egg freezing is an option for women who are not ready to fertilize eggs.
- C. Fertility preservation must wait until cancer treatment is completed.
- D. No preservation methods exist for women in this situation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because egg freezing allows women to preserve their fertility before cancer treatment. It is a viable option for those not ready to fertilize eggs. Choice A is incorrect as embryo freezing is not the only method. Choice C is incorrect as fertility preservation should be discussed before cancer treatment. Choice D is incorrect as egg freezing is a valid preservation method.
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A nurse is educating a patient about the two-week wait period after an IVF embryo transfer. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Avoid any physical activity during this time.
- B. Take a pregnancy test immediately after the transfer.
- C. Focus on stress management and follow any prescribed medications.
- D. Increase protein intake to improve embryo implantation chances.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Focus on stress management and follow any prescribed medications. During the two-week wait period after an IVF embryo transfer, it is crucial for the patient to manage stress levels as high stress can negatively impact implantation. Following prescribed medications is important for maintaining optimal conditions for the embryo to implant successfully.
Avoiding physical activity (choice A) is not necessary as moderate physical activity is usually permitted unless advised otherwise by the healthcare provider. Taking a pregnancy test immediately (choice B) is not recommended as it may not accurately reflect the outcome at such an early stage. Increasing protein intake (choice D) may be beneficial for overall health but does not directly impact embryo implantation during the two-week wait period.
A male client has green color blindness, an X-linked recessive genetic disorder. His wife has no affected genes. Which of the following statements by the nurse is true regarding the couple's potential for having a child who is color blind?
- A. All male children will be color blind.
- B. All female children will be color blind.
- C. All male children will be carriers for color blindness.
- D. All female children will be carriers for color blindness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Female children will be carriers, as they inherit the gene from their father.
What advice should the nurse give a patient with irregular periods trying to conceive?
- A. Track ovulation using basal body temperature and ovulation kits.
- B. Increase carbohydrate intake to regulate cycles.
- C. Avoid exercise to prevent further irregularity.
- D. Undergo hormone therapy immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because tracking ovulation using basal body temperature and ovulation kits helps identify the most fertile days for conception. This method allows the patient to time intercourse effectively. Increasing carbohydrate intake (B) does not address the root cause of irregular periods. Avoiding exercise (C) is not recommended as moderate exercise can actually help regulate menstrual cycles. Undergoing hormone therapy immediately (D) is an aggressive approach and should only be considered after other options have been explored.
A nurse is educating a patient about ovulation tracking. What method should the nurse recommend?
- A. Using ovulation predictor kits to detect the LH surge.
- B. Tracking cervical mucus changes only after ovulation.
- C. Measuring basal body temperature in the evening.
- D. Testing progesterone levels daily.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Using ovulation predictor kits to detect the LH surge. This method is recommended because it directly detects the hormone surge that triggers ovulation, providing a reliable indication of the most fertile period for conception. Tracking cervical mucus changes only after ovulation (B) may not accurately predict the fertile window. Measuring basal body temperature in the evening (C) is less accurate than measuring it in the morning. Testing progesterone levels daily (D) is not a practical or necessary method for ovulation tracking.
During a preconception consultation, a patient asks about factors affecting egg quality. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Age is the primary factor influencing egg quality.
- B. Diet has no impact on egg quality.
- C. Hormonal treatments guarantee improvement in egg quality.
- D. Exercise is the only way to enhance egg quality.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Age is the primary factor influencing egg quality. As a tutor, I will explain this by stating that the quality of a woman's eggs declines with age due to factors like genetic abnormalities and decreased mitochondrial function. This decline can affect fertility and increase the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in offspring.
For the incorrect choices:
B: Diet can impact egg quality by providing essential nutrients, so this choice is incorrect.
C: Hormonal treatments may help with fertility but do not guarantee improvement in egg quality, making this choice incorrect.
D: Exercise can contribute to overall health but is not the only way to enhance egg quality, making this choice incorrect.
In summary, age is a crucial factor affecting egg quality, while diet, hormonal treatments, and exercise play roles but are not primary influencers.