Nokea
A nurse is educating community members about how to prepare for a disaster. Which of the following items should be included in a disaster preparedness kit? (Select all that apply)
- A. Clean clothing.
- B. Personal identification.
- C. Three quarts of water per person.
- D. Matches.
- E. Prescription medications.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The correct items to include in a disaster preparedness kit are A, B, D, and E. Clean clothing (A) is essential for hygiene and warmth. Personal identification (B) is crucial for identification and accessing services. Matches (D) are necessary for starting fires for warmth and cooking. Prescription medications (E) are vital for individuals with medical conditions. Choice C is incorrect as the recommended amount of water for disaster preparedness is one gallon per person per day, not three quarts. Choices F and G are not provided in the question and therefore cannot be assessed.
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A nurse is preparing to administer 1 mg vitamin K to a newborn. The medication is available in 1 mg/0.5 mL. How much should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero when applicable. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.5
Rationale: Correct Answer: 0.5 mL
Rationale: To administer 1 mg of vitamin K, the nurse should administer 0.5 mL, as the medication is available in 1 mg/0.5 mL concentration. This means that in 0.5 mL, there is 1 mg of vitamin K. Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.5 mL to provide the correct dosage to the newborn.
Summary:
- Choice A: Incorrect, as it does not match the concentration of the medication.
- Choices B-G: Irrelevant as they do not provide the correct calculation based on the medication concentration.
A nurse is preparing to administer a bisacodyl suppository to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
- A. Don sterile gloves.
- B. Position the client supine with knees bent.
- C. Use a rectal applicator for insertion.
- D. Insert the suppository just beyond the internal sphincter.
- E. Lubricate the index finger.
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: The correct actions for administering a bisacodyl suppository are to insert it just beyond the internal sphincter (D) to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness. Lubricating the index finger (E) helps facilitate easier insertion and reduces discomfort for the client. Donning sterile gloves (A) is not necessary for this procedure. Positioning the client supine with knees bent (B) is not required; the Sims position is typically used. Using a rectal applicator for insertion (C) is not recommended for bisacodyl suppositories.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
- A. Hypophosphatemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hypercalcemia
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperkalemia. In prerenal AKI, decreased blood flow to the kidneys leads to reduced filtration and impaired excretion of potassium, resulting in hyperkalemia. Hypophosphatemia (A), hypercalcemia (C), and hypernatremia (D) are not typically associated with prerenal AKI. In prerenal AKI, there is usually no significant change in phosphate levels, calcium levels are typically normal or low due to volume depletion, and sodium levels may be normal or decreased due to reduced renal perfusion.
A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic venous insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Dependent rubor
- B. Thick, deformed toenails
- C. Hair loss
- D. Edema
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Edema. In chronic venous insufficiency, impaired blood flow leads to fluid accumulation in the affected limb, causing swelling or edema. This occurs due to increased venous pressure and decreased venous return. Dependent rubor (choice A) is seen in arterial insufficiency, not venous. Thick, deformed toenails (choice B) and hair loss (choice C) are not typically associated with chronic venous insufficiency. Edema is a hallmark sign due to venous stasis and capillary leakage.
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG.
- B. Suggest that the client use a salt substitute.
- C. Advise the client to add citrus juices and bananas to her diet.
- D. Obtain a blood sample for a serum sodium level.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Obtain a 12-lead ECG. A potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L indicates hyperkalemia, which can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, obtaining an ECG is crucial to assess for any potential cardiac abnormalities. Choice B is incorrect as salt substitutes often contain potassium, exacerbating the issue. Choice C is incorrect as citrus juices and bananas are high in potassium, which should be avoided in hyperkalemia. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on sodium levels, not addressing the immediate concern of hyperkalemia.