Nursing School Drug Classifications

Nursing School Drug Classifications Related

Review Nursing School Drug Classifications related questions and content

A nurse is explaining to a young mother why she cannot give her 2-year-old child an adult dose of Tylenol. Which of the following statements would indicate that the mother needs further education?

  • A. There could be a time when my child may need a higher dose than normal.'
  • B. My baby's dose of Tylenol is based on a healthy adult male.'
  • C. My baby can't handle a high dose of Tylenol because her liver may be damaged.'
  • D. My child's dose of Tylenol should be based on her weight or age.'
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A child's dose is never based on an adult's dose. However, on rare occasions a child's dose might be higher than normal if a critical concentration cannot be reached with a smaller dose and a higher dose would not be harmful. Benefits from the increased dosage would have to outweigh the risk for adverse or toxic effects. A child's organs may not be mature enough to handle drugs, causing drug metabolism to be altered. A child's dosages are determined by the age, weight, or body surface.

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The nurse uses what term to describe the drug level required to have a therapeutic effect?

  • A. Critical concentration
  • B. Dynamic equilibrium
  • C. Selective toxicity
  • D. Active transport
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A critical concentration of a drug must be present before a reaction occurs within the cells to bring about the desired therapeutic effect. A dynamic equilibrium is obtained from absorption of a drug from the site of drug entry, distribution to the active site, metabolism in the liver, and excretion from the body to have a critical concentration. Selective toxicity is the ability of a drug to attach only to those systems found in foreign cells. Active transport is the process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney.

Theophylline levels in blood are increased by:

  • A. Erythromycin
  • B. Ciprofloxacin
  • C. Smoking
  • D. Digitalis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Erythromycin inhibits theophylline metabolism, raising levels.

When documenting, which of the following would be appropriate for the nurse to use at accredited health care organizations? Select one that does not apply.

  • A. IU
  • B. 2mg
  • C. 0.2 mg
  • D. Units
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Always use a leading zero when writing decimals (i.e., 0.2 mg, not .2 mg) and leave off the trailing zero (i.e., 2 mg, not 2.0 mg). Always write out units, international units, and daily; do not use U, IU, or QD.

An older client recently has been taking cimetidine (Tagamet). The nurse monitors the client for which most frequent central nervous system side effect of this medication?

  • A. Tremors
  • B. Dizziness
  • C. Confusion
  • D. Hallucinations
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cimetidine is a histamine 2 (H2)-receptor antagonist. Older clients are especially susceptible to central nervous system side effects of cimetidine. The most frequent of these is confusion. Less common central nervous system side effects include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and hallucinations.

Hepatitis B vaccine is contraindicated in patients who:

  • A. Were born after less than 32 weeks gestation (give first dose at age 6 months)
  • B. Are pregnant
  • C. Are on hemodialysis
  • D. Are allergic to yeast
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccine is contraindicated in yeast allergy (it's yeast-derived); prematurity , pregnancy , or dialysis are not.

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