Nokea
After administering a medication, for what would the nurse assess the patient?
- A. Drug effects
- B. Allergies
- C. Pregnancy
- D. Preexisting conditions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After the medication is administered, the nurse assesses the patient for drug affects, both therapeutic and adverse. The nurse would assess the patient for allergies, preexisting conditions, and pregnancy before administering a medication.
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A nurse is explaining to a young mother why she cannot give her 2-year-old child an adult dose of Tylenol. Which of the following statements would indicate that the mother needs further education?
- A. There could be a time when my child may need a higher dose than normal.'
- B. My baby's dose of Tylenol is based on a healthy adult male.'
- C. My baby can't handle a high dose of Tylenol because her liver may be damaged.'
- D. My child's dose of Tylenol should be based on her weight or age.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A child's dose is never based on an adult's dose. However, on rare occasions a child's dose might be higher than normal if a critical concentration cannot be reached with a smaller dose and a higher dose would not be harmful. Benefits from the increased dosage would have to outweigh the risk for adverse or toxic effects. A child's organs may not be mature enough to handle drugs, causing drug metabolism to be altered. A child's dosages are determined by the age, weight, or body surface.
The ganglion blocking drugs act by
- A. Competing with acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions
- B. Preventing release of acetylcholine
- C. Preventing nerve conduction in post ganglionic segment
- D. Preventing catecholamine release or inactivating it
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ganglion blockers (e.g., hexamethonium) prevent acetylcholine release at ganglia.
A characteristic that distinguishes true receptors from other drug binding sites present in blood and other biological tissues is the characteristic of:
- A. binding affinity
- B. reversible binding
- C. signal transduction
- D. stereoselective interaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reversible binding is a key feature of true receptors, distinguishing them from non-specific binding sites like plasma proteins.
The adverse events of sulfonylurea drugs are:
- A. Hypoglycemia and weight gain
- B. Gastrointestinal symptoms
- C. Aggravation of heart failure
- D. Increased risk of bone fracture in females
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sulfonylureas like glyburide cause hypoglycemia and weight gain by increasing insulin release.
Which of the following is natural mineralcorticoid:
- A. Methylprednisolone
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Triamcinolone
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone is the natural mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex.