Nokea
Activation of central alpha2 receptors results in inhibition of cardio acceleration and centers in the brain.
- A. Vasodilation
- B. Vasoconstriction
- C. Cardiovascular
- D. Respiratory
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alpha2 receptor activation (e.g., by clonidine) causes vasoconstriction and reduced sympathetic outflow.
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Angina pectoris, tachycardia, and arrhythmias are possible adverse effects of which of the following drugs?
- A. Clonidine
- B. Phenylephrine
- C. Propranolol
- D. Salbutamol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Salbutamol, a beta-2 agonist, can cause cardiac stimulation as a side effect.
A patient who has oral candidiasis will begin using nystatin suspension to treat the infection. What information will the nurse include when teaching this patient?
- A. Coat the buccal mucosa with the drug and then rinse your mouth
- B. Gargle with the nystatin and then spit it out without swallowing
- C. Mix the suspension with 4 ounces of water and then drink it
- D. Swish the liquid in your mouth and then swallow after a few minutes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nystatin should coat the mouth and be swallowed for oral candidiasis; spitting or rinsing reduces efficacy. Patients should be taught to swish the suspension in the mouth to coat the tongue and buccal mucosa and then swallow the medication.
Hepatitis B vaccine is contraindicated in patients who:
- A. Were born after less than 32 weeks gestation (give first dose at age 6 months)
- B. Are pregnant
- C. Are on hemodialysis
- D. Are allergic to yeast
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccine is contraindicated in yeast allergy (it's yeast-derived); prematurity , pregnancy , or dialysis are not.
Which of the following drugs can be used in cases of beta blocker overdose?
- A. Glucagon
- B. Flumazenil
- C. Deferoxamine
- D. Naloxone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glucagon increases cardiac contractility via a non-beta receptor pathway, making it effective in beta-blocker overdose.
A charge nurse is planning a staff education session to discuss medications used during the care of a client experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the charge nurse include in the discussion?
- A. Lorazepam
- B. Prednisolone
- C. Disulfiram
- D. Naltrexone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lorazepam and diazepam manage withdrawal symptoms; disulfiram and naltrexone are for maintenance.