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A nurse is implementing a comprehensive and entertaining educational program. Which action must the nurse complete first?
- A. Be sure all the electronics (such as the computer showing the PowerPoint slides) are working.
- B. Develop an open and trusting relationship with participants.
- C. Distribute evaluation materials to participants.
- D. Greet each participant and welcome him or her to the event.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At the core of health education is the development of trusting relationships based on nurturing interactions; thus, this action must be completed before completing any other action.
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Which variable has a major influence on a community's health?
- A. Behavior choices made by persons in the community
- B. Number of health care providers and hospitals in the community
- C. Quality of the public safety officers (police officers, firefighters, etc.)
- D. The number and credentials of public health officials in the community
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Individual behavior choices are responsible for about 50% of health outcomes, influenced by social and physical environments, making them a major factor compared to the number or quality of providers and officials.
A nurse is planning a nutrition class for a group of senior citizens at a community center and wants to emphasize the amount and types of fat in some foods versus others. What is the best teaching method for the nurse to use?
- A. Display posters with foods and tell seniors about fat content
- B. Determine foods most often eaten by this group and discuss the nutritional panel of each product
- C. Show a movie about cooking with foods that are low in fat but delicious
- D. Ask each senior to bring a food for others to taste, then estimate the fat contained in these foods COMMUNITY HEALTH PRACTICE EXAM - VERSION A
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it aligns with the principles of adult learning and nutrition education. By determining the foods most often consumed by the senior citizens and discussing the nutritional panel of each product, the nurse can tailor the information to the specific needs and preferences of the group. This method promotes active engagement, relevance, and practical application of knowledge, making it more likely for the seniors to retain and apply the information in their daily lives.
The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Displaying posters with foods and telling seniors about fat content is a passive method that may not effectively engage the group or address their specific dietary habits.
C: Showing a movie about cooking with low-fat foods may be entertaining but lacks the interactive and personalized approach needed for effective nutrition education.
D: Asking seniors to bring foods for tasting and estimating fat content may not provide accurate information and may not address the overall understanding of nutritional content in various foods.
A nurse is implementing a program to reduce the rates of alcohol abuse in a community. Which of the following interventions would be most effective?
- A. Providing education on the risks of alcohol use
- B. Advocating for stricter alcohol regulations
- C. Offering alcohol treatment services
- D. Providing alcohol-free events in the community
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing education on the risks of alcohol use. This intervention is most effective as it helps increase awareness and knowledge about the dangers of alcohol abuse, leading to informed decision-making. Advocating for stricter alcohol regulations (B) may help control access but may not address underlying reasons for abuse. Offering alcohol treatment services (C) is important for those already struggling, not for prevention. Providing alcohol-free events (D) is beneficial but doesn't directly address the problem of alcohol abuse.
Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention strategy to address mental health issues in the community?
- A. Offering counseling services for individuals with mental health disorders
- B. Providing education on stress management techniques
- C. Promoting community-wide mental health awareness campaigns
- D. Screening for early signs of depression and anxiety
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because screening for early signs of depression and anxiety is a secondary prevention strategy aiming to detect mental health issues at an early stage to prevent their progression. It focuses on identifying individuals who may be at risk and intervening before the problem worsens. Offering counseling services (A) is a tertiary prevention strategy for those already diagnosed. Providing stress management education (B) is a primary prevention strategy to prevent mental health issues from developing. Promoting mental health awareness campaigns (C) is also a primary prevention strategy to promote mental well-being in the community but does not specifically target early detection of mental health issues.
Which best describes what Knowles says is especially typical of adult learners?
- A. Barriers such as low self-esteem must be ignored when sharing information.
- B. Learning is based on what knowledge will be needed in the future.
- C. Learning draws on the learner's previous life experiences.
- D. They need to know why professionals think this knowledge is important.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Knowles suggests all learners want to know why they need to learn material. Material related to previous life experiences, current developmental tasks, or dealing with current challenges is useful and accepted by adult learners. Material chosen by professionals based on what might happen in the future or that ignores barriers such as lack of resources or low self-esteem will not be retained. Active participation through discussion with others helps involve and motivate adult learners.