Nokea
A nurse is interested in understanding the meaning of the human experience of surviving polio. Subject recruitment targets persons who have been diagnosed with the disease. The researcher reflects on the data and identifies common themes in order to understand the "lived experience." These characteristics are consistent with the qualitative research method known as:
- A. grounded theory.
- B. ethnography.
- C. phenomenology.
- D. case study.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: phenomenology. Phenomenology focuses on exploring and understanding individuals' lived experiences to uncover the essence of a phenomenon. In this case, the nurse is interested in understanding the meaning of surviving polio from the perspective of those diagnosed with the disease. By reflecting on the data and identifying common themes, the researcher aims to capture the essence of the human experience of surviving polio.
Grounded theory (A) is a method used to develop theories from data, not necessarily focusing on the lived experience. Ethnography (B) involves studying cultures and societies, which is not directly aligned with understanding individual experiences. Case study (D) typically focuses on in-depth analysis of a specific individual or group, rather than exploring common themes across individuals' experiences.
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The nurse caring for a patient who practices Ayurveda would assess for:
- A. an increased stool osmolality gap resulting from dehydration.
- B. petechiae resulting from fine-needle punctures.
- C. use of over-the-counter remedies intended for intended symptom.
- D. magnets strategically placed on affected joints.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, as Ayurveda is a traditional Indian medicine system using herbal remedies. Assessing for over-the-counter remedies aligns with Ayurvedic practices.
A: Stool osmolality gap and dehydration are not directly related to Ayurveda.
B: Petechiae from fine-needle punctures are not typically associated with Ayurveda.
D: Magnets on joints are not a common Ayurvedic practice.
In summary, assessing for over-the-counter remedies is the most relevant choice for a patient who practices Ayurveda.
The nurse manager meets with upper administration and learns that the strategic plan for nursing is to have 80% BSN staff within the next 3 years. The nurse manager then built her budget to meet the organization's strategic goal by providing tuition reimbursement and flexible work hours, which required some agency staffing. Which approach to budgeting is used?
- A. Iterative
- B. Top-down
- C. Participatory
- D. Zero-based
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Participatory. The nurse manager involves staff in the budgeting process by allowing input through tuition reimbursement and flexible work hours. This approach promotes engagement and collaboration, aligning with the organization's strategic goal of increasing BSN staff. Participatory budgeting is characterized by involving stakeholders in decision-making, leading to buy-in and better implementation of the budget.
Summary of other choices:
A: Iterative - Involves repeating steps to refine the budget, not necessarily focused on stakeholder participation.
B: Top-down - Decision-making comes from upper management without much input from lower levels.
D: Zero-based - Requires justifying every expense from scratch, not necessarily involving staff input in decision-making.
A nurse hopes to improve time management skills using the ABC prioritization approach. Which tasks would be prioritized as "B"? (select all that apply)
- A. Turn in time sheet due in 3 days.
- B. Review dress code policy to give feedback before appointment in the morning.
- C. Perform blood glucose test on a patient admitted with Kussmaul respirations and change in level of consciousness.
- D. Complete patient teaching prior to discharge in 2 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because reviewing the dress code policy to give feedback before an appointment in the morning is time-sensitive and directly impacts the nurse's professional responsibilities. This task falls under the "B" category in the ABC prioritization approach, which prioritizes tasks that are important but not urgent. This task requires attention before the morning appointment to ensure professionalism and compliance.
Tasks A, C, and D are not prioritized as "B" because they are either more urgent or less important compared to reviewing the dress code policy before the morning appointment. Task A is important but not urgent as the time sheet is not due immediately. Task C is categorized as "A" as it involves a critical patient situation that requires immediate attention. Task D is categorized as "C" as it is important and time-sensitive, needing completion before discharge in 2 hours.
When comparing mentoring and role modeling, the role of mentoring is represented by which of the following situations?
- A. The experienced nurse is unaware that the novice nurse is observing him or her gathering supplies needed to start intravenous antibiotics.
- B. The novice nurse mimics conversations with his or her own patients that were unobtrusively overheard between the experienced nurse and his or her patients.
- C. The novice nurse receives feedback from the experienced nurse related to the use of a new occlusive dressing product and is told, "I couldn't have done it better myself."
- D. An experienced nurse is nominated for outstanding employee of the month by the novice nurse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it exemplifies the role of mentoring where the experienced nurse provides feedback and guidance to the novice nurse. Mentoring involves a structured and purposeful relationship aimed at professional growth. In this situation, the experienced nurse is directly interacting with the novice nurse, giving specific feedback on a task and showing support and encouragement. This helps the novice nurse improve their skills and knowledge.
Option A is incorrect because it describes role modeling, where the novice nurse is observing without direct interaction. Option B is incorrect as it also describes role modeling through observation and mimicry. Option D is incorrect as it does not involve direct feedback or guidance from the experienced nurse to the novice nurse.
The nurse is preparing a plan of care for an black patient who has had a change of bowel habits from being constipated and having only two firm stools weekly to having three or more loose stools daily. Which comment is related to cultural variation for health information?
- A. The individual states, "I will need to discuss health care options with my grandmother."
- B. The eldest male member of the family will make all health care decisions.
- C. The patient has high respect for the nurse and nods approvingly, although she has no intention of complying with instructions or plan of care.
- D. The individual speaks very quietly and gently reaches to hold the nurse's hand for support.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it reflects the patient's cultural variation in seeking health information from family members, specifically the grandmother. This shows respect for family opinions and involvement in decision-making.
Option B is incorrect as it generalizes that the eldest male makes all health decisions, which may not be true for every cultural group. Option C is incorrect as nodding approvingly and not complying with instructions does not necessarily indicate cultural variations. Option D is incorrect as speaking quietly and reaching for the nurse's hand may simply indicate a patient's communication style rather than cultural variation in seeking health information.