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A nurse is leading a medication education group for patients with depression. A patient states he has read that herbal treatments are just as effective as prescription medications. The best response is,
- A. When studies are published they can be trusted to be accurate.
- B. We need to look at the research very closely to see how reliable the studies are.
- C. Your prescribed medication is the best for your condition, so you should not read those studies.
- D. Switching medications will alter the course of your illness. It is not advised.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Often, reports in the media regarding new research and studies are confusing, contradictory, or difficult for clients and their families to understand. The nurse must ensure that clients and families are well informed about progress in these areas and must help them to distinguish between facts and hypotheses.
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A patient with bipolar disorder takes lithium 300 mg three times daily. The nurse evaluates that the dose is appropriate when the patient reports
- A. Feeling sleepy and less energetic.
- B. Weight gain of 7 pounds in the last month.
- C. Minimum mood swings.
- D. Increased feelings of self-worth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mood-stabilizing drugs like lithium aim to minimize mood swings in bipolar disorder. Weight gain and lethargy may occur but are not indicators of appropriate dosing, and inflated self-worth is a symptom that should diminish with treatment.
Which drug classification is the primary medication treatment for schizophrenia?
- A. Anticoagulants
- B. Antidepressants
- C. Antimanics
- D. Antipsychotics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antipsychotic drugs are the primary medical treatment for schizophrenia, addressing psychotic symptoms effectively.
The nurse is assessing a patient suffering a head injury as a result of an altercation with two other individuals. The patient has difficulty accurately reporting the events of the altercation and appears very emotional during the assessment. The nurse suspects which part of the brain received the greatest amount of injury?
- A. Cerebrum
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Medulla
- D. Amygdala
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The frontal lobes of the cerebrum control the organization of thought, body movement, memories, emotions, and moral behavior. The cerebellum is the center for coordination of movements and postural adjustments. The medulla contains vital centers for respiration and cardiovascular functions. The amygdala is involved in emotional arousal and memory.
Which of the following is the primary consideration with clients taking antidepressants?
- A. Decreased mobility
- B. Emotional changes
- C. Suicide
- D. Increased sleep
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Suicide is always a primary consideration when treating clients with depression due to the risk of worsening symptoms or medication-related effects.
Which of the following disorders are extrapyramidal symptoms that may be caused by antipsychotic drugs?
- A. Akathisia
- B. Pseudoparkinsonism
- C. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- D. Dystonia
- E. Anticholinergic effects
- F. Breast tenderness in men and women
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Extrapyramidal symptoms include akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism, and dystonia. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and breast tenderness are side effects of antipsychotics but not classified as extrapyramidal. Anticholinergic effects are distinct side effects.