Nokea
A patient is being seen in the crisis unit reporting that poison letters are coming in the mail. The patient has no history of psychiatric illness. Which of the following medications would the patient most likely be started on?
- A. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
- B. Risperidone (Risperdal Consta)
- C. Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
- D. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: New-generation antipsychotics like aripiprazole are preferred for initial treatment of psychotic symptoms due to fewer side effects. Injectable antipsychotics like Risperdal Consta are used after stabilization, and fluoxetine is an antidepressant, not indicated for psychosis.
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How should the nurse respond to a family member who asks how Alzheimer's disease is diagnosed?
- A. It is impossible to know for certain that a person has Alzheimer's disease until the person dies and his or her brain can be examined via autopsy.
- B. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can identify the amyloid plaques and tangles of Alzheimer's disease in living clients.
- C. Alzheimer's disease can be diagnosed by using chemical markers that demonstrate decreased cerebral blood flow.
- D. It will be necessary for the patient to undergo positron emission tomography (PET) scans regularly for a long period of time to know if the patient has Alzheimer's disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can identify the amyloid plaques and tangles of Alzheimer's disease in living clients, allowing diagnosis without autopsy. Decreased cerebral blood flow is not specific to Alzheimer's, and regular PET scans are not necessary for diagnosis.
Which of the following was the first nonstimulant medication specifically designed and tested for ADHD?
- A. Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
- B. Amphetamine (Adderall)
- C. Atomoxetine (Strattera)
- D. Pemoline (Cylert)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Atomoxetine (Strattera) was the first nonstimulant medication specifically designed and tested for ADHD, unlike the stimulant medications Ritalin, Adderall, and Cylert.
Which drug classification is the primary medication treatment for schizophrenia?
- A. Anticoagulants
- B. Antidepressants
- C. Antimanics
- D. Antipsychotics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antipsychotic drugs are the primary medical treatment for schizophrenia, addressing psychotic symptoms effectively.
Which of the following side effects of lithium are frequent causes of noncompliance?
- A. Metallic taste in the mouth
- B. Weight gain
- C. Acne
- D. Thirst
- E. Lethargy
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Lethargy and weight gain are difficult to manage and frequently lead to noncompliance with lithium therapy.
Which of the following is a term used to describe the occurrence of the eye rolling back in a locked position, which occurs with acute dystonia?
- A. Opisthotonus
- B. Oculogyric crisis
- C. Torticollis
- D. Pseudoparkinsonism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oculogyric crisis is the term for the eye rolling back in a locked position, a manifestation of acute dystonia.