Nokea
A nurse is ordered to infuse 1,500 mL of IV fluid over 12 hours using a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 31.25 gtt/min
- B. 33.33 gtt/min
- C. 41.67 gtt/min
- D. 62.5 gtt/min
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flow rate = (1,500 mL 15 gtt/mL) ÷ (12 60) = 22,500 ÷ 720 = 31.25 gtt/min, exactly matching option A.
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Drug efficacy' refers to..
- A. The range of diseases in which the drug is beneficial
- B. The maximal intensity of response that can be produced by the drug
- C. The therapeutic dose range of the drug
- D. The therapeutic index of the drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Efficacy is defined as the maximum effect a drug can produce, per pharmacological principles.
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication has a long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
- A. One
- B. Two
- C. Three
- D. Four
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A long half-life of 4 days means the drug remains effective for an extended period, typically requiring once-daily dosing.
Choose the correct statement about ondansetron:
- A. It is a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- B. It suppresses postoperative nausea and vomiting
- C. It is the most effective antiemetic for motion sickness
- D. It is not effective by oral route
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, effectively suppresses postoperative nausea and vomiting; it's less effective for motion sickness and is effective orally.
A nurse is assessing a client and notes that the client has developed swelling of the eyelids and lips after administration of a prescribed medication. The nurse interprets this finding as specifically indicating which of the following?
- A. Mild allergic reaction
- B. Anaphylactic shock
- C. Angioedema
- D. Drug idiosyncrasy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Angioedema is a type of allergic drug reaction manifested by the collection of fluid in the subcutaneous tissues, most commonly affecting the eyelids, lips, mouth, and throat. Allergic reactions can be manifested by a wide range of signs and symptoms such as itching, rashes, and hives. Anaphylactic shock is a serious allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention. Drug idiosyncrasy describes any unusual or abnormal reaction to a drug, one that is different from the one normally expected.
Beta blocker are used in all, except
- A. Variant angina
- B. Mild hypertension
- C. Glaucoma
- D. Thyrotoxicosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta-blockers worsen variant angina due to unopposed alpha constriction.