Nokea
The nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous polymyxin antibiotic. The patient reports dizziness along with numbness and tingling of the hands and feet. The nurse will perform which action?
- A. Administer the drug since these are harmless side effects
- B. Hold the drug and notify the provider of these adverse reactions
- C. Obtain an order for an oral form of this medication
- D. Request an order for serum electrolytes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polymyxin neurotoxicity (dizziness, numbness) warrants holding and reporting; these aren't harmless , and it's not oral . Polymyxins can cause nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity.
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A nurse on a medical-surgical unit administers a hypnotic medication to an older adult client at 2100 . The next morning, the client is drowsy and wants to sleep instead of eating breakfast. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a possible reason for the client's drowsiness?
- A. Reduced cardiac function
- B. First pass effect
- C. Reduced hepatic function
- D. Increased gastric motility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reduced hepatic function in older adults slows metabolism of hypnotics, prolonging drowsiness.
In teaching about the use of sublingual nitroglycerine, the patient should be instructed:
- A. To swallow the tablet with a full glass of water
- B. To place one tablet under the tongue if chest pain occurs and allow it to dissolve
- C. To take one tablet every 5 minutes until the chest pain goes away
- D. That it should 'burn' when placed under the tongue or it is no longer effective
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual nitroglycerin is placed under the tongue for rapid absorption.
Substrate concentration & velocity curve indicates
- A. Michelis-Mentons equation
- B. Inverse relation
- C. Zero order kinetics
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Substrate concentration vs. velocity in zero-order kinetics shows saturation, unlike first-order (Michaelis-Menten).
Which of the following is corresponding to the following statement: this drug is used for diabetes mellitus and while using there is an increased risk of pancreatitis:
- A. Miglitol
- B. Pioglitazon
- C. Exenatide
- D. Glimepiride
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exenatide, a GLP-1 agonist, treats diabetes and has a known risk of pancreatitis as a rare but serious side effect.
Tom is taking lithium for bipolar disorder. He should be taught to:
- A. Take his lithium with food
- B. Eat a diet with consistent levels of salt (sodium)
- C. Drink at least 2 quarts of water if he is in a hot environment
- D. Monitor blood glucose levels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Consistent sodium intake prevents fluctuations in lithium levels.