Nokea
A nurse is performing a screening on a patient that has been casted recently on the left lower extremity. Which of the following statements should the nurse be most concerned about?
- A. The patient reports, 'I didn't keep my extremity elevated like the doctor asked me to.'
- B. The patient reports, 'I have been having pain in my left calf.'
- C. The patient reports, 'My left leg has really been itching.'
- D. The patient reports, 'The arthritis in my wrists is flaring up, when I put weight on my crutches.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pain may be indicating neurovascular complication.
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Which statement about chemotherapy is true?
- A. It is a local treatment affecting only tumor cells.
- B. It is a systemic treatment affecting both tumor and normal cells.
- C. It has not yet been proved an effective treatment for cancer.
- D. It is often the drug of choice because it causes few, if any, side effects.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 5-FU is an antineoplastic, antimetabolic drug that inhibits DNA synthesis and interferes with cell replication. It is given intravenously and acts systemically. It affects all rapidly growing cells, both malignant and normal. It is used as adjuvant therapy for treating cancer of the colon, rectum, stomach, breast, and pancreas. This drug has many side effects, including bone marrow depression, anorexia, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting.
After group therapy, the female victim of intimate partner violence confides to the nurse that she does not feel in any immediate danger. Which of the following statements about victims of domestic violence is true?
- A. Victims of domestic violence are often the best predictors of their risk of harm.
- B. Victims of domestic violence often overestimate their safety risk.
- C. Victims of domestic violence are typically in a state of denial.
- D. Victims of domestic violence know that keeping peace with their partner is the best method of preventing another attack.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Victims of domestic violence are often correct at predicting their risk of harm. However, the nurse should ensure that the client is expressing herself authentically and is not trying to convince the nurse that there is no immediate danger. Further, proper authorities, such as the police, should be alerted to this reportable offense.
Which of the following attitudes is essential in a nurse who assists clients during crises?
- A. viewing crisis intervention as the first step in solving bigger problems
- B. wanting to help clients solve all problems identified
- C. taking an active role in guiding the process
- D. feeling that work requires identification with all of a client's problems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Viewing crisis intervention as the first step in solving bigger problems is essential in a nurse who assists clients during crises. Assessment of the present problem should be viewed as necessary. Time and limitations of crisis work need to be remembered. Complete diagnostic assessment is unnecessary, and unrelated material should not be explored. Referrals might be necessary for other identified problems.
The nurse should make which of the following responses when questioned by a client about the role of leptin in the body?
- A. It increases food intake in clients, thereby promoting obesity.
- B. It assists in the regulation of steroids.
- C. It increases the total fat mass of people who are obese.
- D. It might decrease the total fat mass in the bodies of people who are obese.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leptin (recessive obesity gene-protein hormone) is expressed in fat cell coding for the protein that reacts to the percentage of fat cells in the body. Leptin is associated with increased energy expenditure and decreased food intake via hypothalamic control. Obese clients might have insensitivity or resistance to the effects of leptin. Leptin can affect other body hormones such as insulin. Genetic factors include leptin, uncoupling proteins, and the amount of brown/white fat in the body.
The kind of man who beats a woman is:
- A. from a minority culture in a low-income group.
- B. from a majority culture in a middle-income group.
- C. one who was never allowed to compete as a child.
- D. from any walk of life, race, income group, or profession.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Batterers cannot be predicted by demographic features related to age, ethnicity, race, religious denomination, education, socioeconomic status, or class. Ninety-five percent of domestic abuse cases involve male perpetrators and female victims.