Nokea
A nurse is planning a priority intervention to reduce obesity in the community. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage enrollment and attendance at weight reduction programs
- B. Educate children at a daycare center about nutrition and exercise
- C. Distribute health risk appraisal questionnaires at community functions
- D. Measure the BMI of older adults at a community senior center
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Educate children at a daycare center about nutrition and exercise. This is the priority intervention because educating children about nutrition and exercise can help prevent obesity in the long term. By teaching healthy habits early on, the nurse can make a significant impact on reducing obesity rates in the community. Encouraging enrollment in weight reduction programs (A) may help individuals who are already obese but does not address prevention. Distributing health risk appraisal questionnaires (C) and measuring BMI of older adults (D) are important but not the priority for reducing obesity in the community.
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A nurse of a community clinic is preparing an educational guide about cultural variances in expression of pain. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Middle Eastern cultural practices include hiding pain from close family members
- B. Native American cultural practices include being outspoken about pain
- C. Puerto Rican cultural practices include the view that outspoken expressions of pain are shameful
- D. Chinese cultural practices include enduring pain to prevent family dishonor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chinese cultural practices include enduring pain to prevent family dishonor. In Chinese culture, there is a strong emphasis on family honor and saving face. Expressing pain openly may be viewed as a sign of weakness and may bring shame to the family. Therefore, individuals may choose to endure pain silently to avoid dishonoring their family.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Middle Eastern cultural practices include hiding pain from close family members - This is not necessarily a common practice in Middle Eastern cultures and may not accurately represent the diverse ways pain is expressed.
B: Native American cultural practices include being outspoken about pain - While some Native American cultures may value openness about pain, it is not a universal practice among all tribes and communities.
C: Puerto Rican cultural practices include the view that outspoken expressions of pain are shameful - While there may be individuals within Puerto Rican culture who hold this belief, it is not a widely recognized cultural practice.
A community health nurse is educating a parent about the importance of hepatitis B immunization. Which of the following explanations should the nurse give the parent about the disease?
- A. One dose of the immunization gives children lifelong protection from hepatitis B
- B. Hepatitis B spreads easily among children through casual contact
- C. Many people who acquire acute hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis
- D. People who have had a hepatitis B infection still need the immunization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Many people who acquire acute hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis. This explanation is important for the parent to understand the potential long-term consequences of hepatitis B infection. Acute hepatitis B can progress to chronic hepatitis in some cases, leading to liver damage and other complications. It highlights the seriousness of the disease and the importance of prevention through vaccination.
Choice A is incorrect because although hepatitis B vaccination provides long-lasting protection, it may not necessarily offer lifelong immunity. Choice B is incorrect as hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, not casual contact among children. Choice D is incorrect because prior infection does not confer complete immunity, so immunization is still recommended.
A home health nurse is scheduled for a first-time visit to a client. Which of the following should the nurse perform first?
- A. Blood pressure screening
- B. Mental status examination
- C. Review of the neighborhood
- D. Family history
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Review of the neighborhood. This should be performed first to assess the safety and environment of the client's home, ensuring the nurse's safety and the ability to provide care effectively. It helps identify potential hazards or resources in the community. Blood pressure screening (A) can wait until after ensuring a safe environment. Mental status examination (B) is important but can be conducted after assessing the neighborhood. Family history (D) is not a priority for the first visit.
A nurse is caring for a client who is homeless. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Determine the client's understanding of her living situation
- B. Assist the client to develop goals for obtaining shelter
- C. Discuss the risks of being homeless with the client
- D. Develop client teaching using a variety of strategies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Determine the client's understanding of her living situation. This is the first step because it allows the nurse to assess the client's current situation and needs. Understanding the client's perspective is crucial for providing effective care and support. Assisting the client in developing goals (B) or discussing risks (C) should come after understanding the client's current situation. Developing client teaching (D) is important but should be based on the client's understanding and needs, which is why it comes after assessing their understanding.
A client who has diabetes mellitus asks a home health nurse to help her adapt some of her traditional cultural foods to fit her meal plan. Which of the following is the first action the nurse should take when assisting this client?
- A. Provide the client with a printed recipe
- B. Observe the client during preparation of traditional foods
- C. Use cookbooks to include traditional foods in meal plans
- D. Explain the diabetes exchange list
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Observing the client during the preparation of traditional foods allows the nurse to understand the client's current cooking practices, ingredients used, and portion sizes. This information is crucial in determining how to modify the traditional foods to fit the client's meal plan. Providing a printed recipe (A) may not consider the client's cultural preferences or cooking methods. Using cookbooks (C) may not align with the client's traditional foods or cooking techniques. Explaining the diabetes exchange list (D) is important but should come after understanding the client's current food habits.