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A nurse is planning teaching strategies in the affective domain of learning for patients with alcohol use disorders. Which teaching-learning activities will the nurse use? Select all that apply.
- A. Preparing a lecture on the harmful long-term effects of alcohol on the body
- B. Asking the patient to discuss reasons people with alcohol use disorders drink and exploring other methods of coping with problems
- C. Requesting that patients perform a return demonstration for using relaxation exercises to relieve stress
- D. Helping patients to reaffirm their feelings of self-worth and relate this to their alcohol use disorder
- E. Using a pamphlet to discuss the tenets of the Alcoholics Anonymous program with patients
- F. Reinforcing the mental benefits of gaining self-control over a substance use disorder
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: Affective learning includes changes in attitudes, values, and feelings (e.g., the patient expresses renewed self-confidence to be able to give up drinking). Cognitive learning involves the storing and recalling of new knowledge in the brain, such as the learning that occurs during a lecture or by using a pamphlet for teaching. Learning a physical skill involving the integration of mental and muscular activity is called psychomotor learning, which may involve a return demonstration of a skill.
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A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient with asthma on the use of an inhaler. What teaching method is most appropriate for this patient?
- A. Demonstration
- B. Lecture
- C. Discovery
- D. Panel session
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Demonstration of techniques, procedures, exercises, and the use of special equipment is an effective patient-teaching strategy for a skill. Lecture can be used to deliver information to a large group of patients but is more effective when the session is interactive; it is rarely used for individual instruction, except in combination with other strategies. Discovery is a good method for teaching problem-solving techniques and independent thinking. Panel discussions can be used to impart factual material but are also effective for sharing experiences and emotions.
A nurse develops a contractual agreement with a morbidly obese patient to achieve optimal weight goals. Which statement best describes the nature of this agreement?
- A. This agreement forms a legal bond between the two of us to achieve your weight goals.
- B. This agreement will motivate the two of us to do what is necessary to meet your weight goals.
- C. This agreement will help us determine what learning outcomes are necessary to achieve your weight goals.
- D. This agreement will limit the scope of the teaching session and make stated weight goals more attainable.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A contractual agreement in a teaching plan helps to clarify and define the specific learning outcomes that both the nurse and patient aim to achieve, making the goals clear and measurable.
A nurse is teaching first aid to counselors of a summer camp for children with asthma. This is an example of what aim of health teaching?
- A. Promoting health
- B. Preventing illness
- C. Restoring health
- D. Facilitating coping
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching first aid is a function of the goal to prevent illness. Promoting health involves helping patients to value health and develop specific health practices that promote and maintain wellness. Restoring health occurs once a patient is ill, and teaching focuses on developing self-care practices that promote recovery. When facilitating coping, nurses help patients come to terms with whatever lifestyle modification is needed for their recovery or to enable them to cope with permanent health alterations.
The nurse coach at a cardiac rehabilitation office is meeting with a patient who has learned they have heart failure. Which nursing actions might the nurse coach include in coaching sessions for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Provide education based on the patient's personal goals.
- B. Explore the patient's readiness for change.
- C. Assist the patient to determine progress toward goals.
- D. Direct the patient to exercise daily.
- E. Identify goals for the patient.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: A nurse coach focuses on patient-centered actions, such as providing education aligned with personal goals, assessing readiness for change, and helping evaluate progress. Directing daily exercise or setting goals for the patient without their input does not align with the collaborative nature of coaching.
A nurse is teaching an adult patient how to care for their new ostomy appliance. Which evaluation method is most appropriate to confirm that the patient has learned the information?
- A. Ask Me 3
- B. Newest Vital Sign (NVS)
- C. Teach-Back Method
- D. TEACH acronym
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Teach-Back Method tool is a method of assessing literacy and confirming that the learner understands health information received from a health professional. The Ask Me 3 is a brief tool intended to promote understanding and improve communication between patients and their providers. The NVS is a reliable screening tool to assess low health literacy, developed to improve communications between patients and providers. The TEACH acronym is used to maximize the effectiveness of patient teaching by tuning into the patient, editing patient information, acting on every teaching moment, clarifying often, and honoring the patient as a partner in the process.