Nokea
A nurse is preparing a presentation on sleep disorders for a community group. Which of the following would the nurse include when explaining the differences between narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome?
- A. Symptoms of both disorders are essentially the same, so it is difficult to differentiate between the two disorders.
- B. People with narcolepsy awaken from a nap feeling rested and replenished, but those with obstructive sleep apnea do not.
- C. People with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome can experience temporary paralysis with naps.
- D. Naps are not recommended for clients with narcolepsy because of their association with severe loss of muscle tone.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Narcolepsy involves refreshing naps (B), unlike obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), where naps are non-restorative due to fragmented sleep. Symptoms differ significantly (A), paralysis is specific to narcolepsy (C), and naps are beneficial for narcolepsy (D).
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A client with insomnia is taught to avoid watching television, eating, and doing work in the bedroom. Which technique is being used?
- A. Sleep restriction
- B. Relaxation training
- C. Cognitive behavior therapy
- D. Stimulus control
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding non-sleep activities in the bedroom is a stimulus control technique (D), strengthening the bed-sleep association. Sleep restriction (A) limits time in bed, relaxation training (B) focuses on calming techniques, and cognitive behavior therapy (C) is broader.
The sleep history of a client experiencing sleep problems reveals that the client ingests a significant amount of caffeine each day. When reviewing the effect of caffeine on sleep with the client, which of the following would the nurse incorporate into the discussion as a caffeine effect?
- A. Decreased sleep latency
- B. Increased total sleep time
- C. Decreased REM sleep
- D. Increased slow-wave sleep
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Caffeine, a stimulant, decreases REM sleep (C) by increasing arousal, disrupting sleep quality. It increases sleep latency (A), decreases total sleep time (B), and does not enhance slow-wave sleep (D).
A student nurse is preparing a nursing care plan for a client who has insomnia and is experiencing sleep deprivation. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify as reflecting a priority care issue?
- A. Risk for Injury
- B. Ineffective Coping
- C. Deficient Knowledge
- D. Anxiety
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sleep deprivation increases the risk for injury (A) due to impaired coordination and cognition, making it a priority. Ineffective coping (B), deficient knowledge (C), and anxiety (D) are secondary concerns compared to safety risks.
A group of nursing students is reviewing information about factors affecting the pattern and quality of sleep. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following?
- A. Sleep patterns are relatively constant across the lifespan.
- B. Women report more problems with sleep than men.
- C. Working night shifts and sleeping during the day can affect sleep.
- D. Environmental influences on sleep can be internal or external.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sleep patterns change across the lifespan (A), with aging affecting sleep duration and quality, indicating a need for review. Women reporting more sleep issues (B), night shifts (C), and environmental influences (D) are accurate.
A group of nursing students is reviewing the various agents used to treat insomnia. The students demonstrate an understanding of the information when they identify which agent as a melatonin receptor agonist?
- A. Trazodone
- B. Estazolam
- C. Mirtazapine
- D. Ramelteon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ramelteon (D) is a melatonin receptor agonist used for insomnia. Trazodone (A) and mirtazapine (C) are antidepressants, and estazolam (B) is a benzodiazepine.