Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed drug. Which information about the drug would be most important for the nurse to know?
- A. Normal dosage range
- B. Special precautions in administration
- C. Drug's most common adverse effects
- D. All the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse must have factual knowledge of each drug given, the reason for use of the drug, the drug's general action, the more common adverse reactions associated with the drug, special precautions in administration (if any), and the normal dose ranges.
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The therapeutic goals when prescribing include(s):
- A. Curative
- B. Palliative
- C. Preventive
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Therapeutic goals can be curative, palliative, or preventive , depending on the patient's condition and needs.
Discharge planning for patients leaving the hospital should include instructions on the use of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Which comment by the patient would demonstrate a good understanding of OTC drugs?
- A. OTC drugs are safe and do not cause adverse effects if taken properly.
- B. OTC drugs have been around for years and have not been tested by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
- C. OTC drugs are different from any drugs available by prescription and cost less.
- D. OTC drugs could cause serious harm if not taken according to directions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important to follow package directions because OTCs are medications that can cause serious harm if not taken properly. OTCs are drugs that have been determined to be safe when taken as directed; however, all drugs can produce adverse effects even when taken properly. They may have originally been prescription drugs that were tested by the FDA or they may have been grandfathered in when the FDA laws changed. OTC education should always be included as a part of the hospital discharge instructions.
The nurse transcribes an order to administer Valium 10 mg IV stat. This order is correctly interpreted by the nurse to mean it should be provided how? (Select all that apply.)
- A. As needed
- B. Immediately
- C. One time only
- D. Intravenously
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The stat order is generally used on an emergency basis. It means that the drug is to be administered as soon as possible, but only once. IV indicates the route is intravenous. A PRN order means administer if needed. The order would specify divided doses and amount per dose if indicated.
Which of the following does albumin have the strongest affinity for?
- A. Anionic drugs
- B. Hydrophilic drugs
- C. Hydrophobic drugs
- D. A and C
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albumin has the strongest affinity for hydrophobic drugs , which bind to its hydrophobic pockets, unlike hydrophilic drugs; anionic drugs may bind but less preferentially.
Pentobarbitone is
- A. Long acting barbiturates
- B. Short acting barbiturates
- C. Ultra short acting barbiturates
- D. Intermediate acting barbiturates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pentobarbitone (pentobarbital) is classified as an intermediate-acting barbiturate, with a duration of action between short-acting and long-acting barbiturates.