Nokea
In comparison to infants born to women of normal weight, infants born to obese women are _____.
- A. less likely to have heart defects
- B. more likely to be of very low birthweight
- C. less likely to experience a complicated birth
- D. more likely to have neural tube defects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infants born to obese women are more likely to have neural tube defects compared to infants born to women of normal weight. This increased risk is attributed to factors such as poor maternal nutrition and increased inflammation during pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect because infants born to obese women have a higher risk of heart defects. Choice B is incorrect as infants born to obese women are more likely to have higher birthweights. Choice C is incorrect as obese women are more likely to experience complications during birth.
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Where is Vitamin K synthesized?
- A. by bacteria in the GI tract
- B. by the body by sunlight
- C. deficiency is called beriberi
- D. found in vegetable oils
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K is synthesized by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Choice B is incorrect as the synthesis of Vitamin D, not K, can be induced by sunlight exposure. Choice C is incorrect as beriberi is a condition caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency, not Vitamin K. Choice D is incorrect as Vitamin E is commonly found in vegetable oils, not Vitamin K.
Monosaccharides are converted into glucose in the liver to provide an energy supply to the cells.
- A. Both statements are true
- B. Both statements are false
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Both statements are true. Monosaccharides are indeed converted into glucose in the liver. Glucose, in turn, serves as a primary energy source for cells in the body, providing the necessary fuel for various cellular functions. The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by converting monosaccharides into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream when needed. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because both statements are accurate in this context.
What percentage of body weight as fat does a woman with a healthy body composition typically average?
- A. 5%
- B. 15%
- C. 25%
- D. 35%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A healthy body fat percentage for women typically ranges between 21% and 33%, with 25% being an average healthy body fat percentage. Choice A (5%) is too low for a healthy body fat percentage and is more in line with essential body fat levels. Choice B (15%) is also lower than the typical range for a healthy body fat percentage. Choice D (35%) is too high and would be considered high body fat for women.
What are the best food sources of magnesium?
- A. oils, bananas, and pork
- B. pizza, potatoes, and tomatoes
- C. milk, rice, and apples
- D. legumes, whole grains, and chocolate
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: legumes, whole grains, and chocolate. These foods are rich sources of magnesium, an essential mineral that plays a role in over 300 biochemical reactions in the body. Choices A, B, and C do not contain as high levels of magnesium compared to legumes, whole grains, and chocolate.
Match the energy-yielding nutrient to the amount of energy it provides to the body: Carbs, Fats, Proteins.
- A. Carbs - 4kcal/g
- B. Fats - 9kcal/g
- C. Proteins - 4kcal/g
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, All of the above. Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal per gram, while fats provide 9 kcal per gram. Therefore, all three energy-yielding nutrients provide different amounts of energy to the body. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect because each of them individually provides a specific amount of energy per gram, but when considering all nutrients together, they collectively cover the spectrum of energy provision to the body.