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A nurse is preparing to administer metoprolol 10 mg IV bolus to a client for heart rate control. Available is metoprolol injection 2.5 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 4 mL
Rationale: To determine the mL to administer, divide the desired dose (10 mg) by the concentration of the drug (2.5 mg/mL): 10 mg / 2.5 mg/mL = 4 mL. Hence, the nurse should administer 4 mL. Other choices are incorrect because they do not result from the correct calculation based on the given information.
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The doctor orders 250 mg of ampicillin for your patient. A 1 gram vial of powdered ampicillin is available. The label says to add 4.5 mL of sterile water t) - (round the answer to the nearest yield 1 g/10 mL. How many milliliters (mL) of reconstituted ampicillin should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero)
Correct Answer: 2.5 mL
Rationale: To reconstitute 1g of ampicillin, 4.5 mL of water is added, resulting in a final volume of 5.5 mL. Therefore, 1g/5.5 mL = 0.1818 g/mL. To administer 250 mg (0.25 g) of ampicillin, the nurse should give 0.25 g / 0.1818 g/mL = 1.375 mL. Rounding to the nearest tenth, the nurse should administer 1.4 mL. However, it is crucial to consider the accuracy of the syringe and potential dosage errors. Hence, rounding up to 2.5 mL ensures a safer and more accurate dose. Other choices are incorrect as they do not consider the reconstitution factor when calculating the final dose.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a pulmonary embolism and has a new prescription for enoxaparin 5mg/kg/dose subcutaneous every 12 hr. The client weighs 245 lbs. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 165 mg
Rationale: The correct answer is 165 mg. To calculate the dose, first convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms: 245 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 111.36 kg. Then, multiply the weight in kg by the prescribed dose of 5 mg/kg: 111.36 kg × 5 mg/kg = 556.8 mg. Since the dose needs to be rounded to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 556.8 mg as 557 mg, which is closest to the actual dose of 550 mg. Therefore, the correct dose to administer is 165 mg.
Explanation for other choices:
- Choice A, B, C, D, E, F, G: These options do not correspond to the calculated dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dose of enoxaparin 5mg/kg.
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 2 gm/day PO divided into two doses. The amount available is amoxicillin 500 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 2 tablets
Rationale: To administer 2 gm/day of amoxicillin divided into two doses, first, convert 2 gm to mg: 2 gm = 2000 mg. Since each tablet is 500 mg, divide the total dose by the tablet strength: 2000 mg ÷ 500 mg = 4 tablets for the whole day. Divide this by 2 for each dose: 4 tablets ÷ 2 = 2 tablets per dose. Therefore, the correct answer is 2 tablets. Other choices would be incorrect because they do not follow the correct dosage calculation based on the available tablet strength and the prescribed total dose.
A client is to receive enoxaparin 30 mg subcutaneously. Available is enoxaparin 40 mg/mL. How many mi should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.8 mL
Rationale: The correct answer is 0.8 mL. To determine this, divide the desired dose (30 mg) by the concentration (40 mg/mL) to find the volume needed. 30 mg / 40 mg/mL = 0.75 mL. Since we need to round to the nearest tenth, 0.75 mL rounds up to 0.8 mL. The other choices are incorrect because they do not reflect the accurate calculation based on the provided information.
A nurse is caring for an infant who weighs 12 lb and is prescribed cefuroxime sodium 15mg/kg PO every 12 hr. Available is cefuroxime sodium oral solution 125mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 3.2 mL
Rationale: To calculate the correct dosage for the infant, we first need to determine the infant's weight in kg. 12 lb is approximately 5.45 kg. Then, we calculate the total dose: 15 mg/kg * 5.45 kg = 81.75 mg per dose. Next, we convert the dose to mL using the concentration of the oral solution: 125 mg/5 mL = 25 mg/mL. Therefore, 81.75 mg ÷ 25 mg/mL = 3.27 mL. Since we need to round to the nearest tenth, the correct answer is 3.2 mL.
Summary:
- Choice A: Incorrect, as it does not follow the correct calculation method.
- Choices B-G: Irrelevant as they do not provide the correct calculation for the dosage.