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A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 15 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hr. The client weighs 198 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer with dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 668 mg
Rationale: To calculate the dose of vancomycin for the client weighing 198 lb, first convert lb to kg (1 kg = 2.2 lb). Client weight = 198 lb / 2.2 = 90 kg. Next, calculate the total daily dose: 15 mg/kg/day x 90 kg = 1350 mg/day. Since the dose is divided equally every 12 hours, administer 675 mg every 12 hours. Rounded to the nearest whole number, each dose will be 668 mg. Therefore, the correct answer is 668 mg. Other choices are incorrect as they do not follow the correct calculation process or do not account for the weight conversion and dosage frequency.
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A nurse is preparing to administer ceftriaxone 1 g via Intermittent IV bolus over 30 min. Available is 1 g ceftriaxone sodium In 100 mL dextrose 5% in water. The nurse should set the pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 200 mL/hr
Rationale: To calculate the infusion rate for ceftriaxone 1g over 30 minutes, we first convert the time to hours (30 minutes = 0.5 hours). Then, we divide the total volume (100 mL) by the time in hours (0.5) to get the hourly infusion rate: 100 mL / 0.5 hours = 200 mL/hr. This is the correct answer because it ensures the medication is delivered over the prescribed time frame. Other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the necessary infusion rate based on the given parameters.
A nurse is caring for an infant who weighs 12 lb and is prescribed cefuroxime sodium 15mg/kg PO every 12 hr. Available is cefuroxime sodium oral solution 125mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 3.2 mL
Rationale: To calculate the correct dosage for the infant, we first need to determine the infant's weight in kg. 12 lb is approximately 5.45 kg. Then, we calculate the total dose: 15 mg/kg * 5.45 kg = 81.75 mg per dose. Next, we convert the dose to mL using the concentration of the oral solution: 125 mg/5 mL = 25 mg/mL. Therefore, 81.75 mg ÷ 25 mg/mL = 3.27 mL. Since we need to round to the nearest tenth, the correct answer is 3.2 mL.
Summary:
- Choice A: Incorrect, as it does not follow the correct calculation method.
- Choices B-G: Irrelevant as they do not provide the correct calculation for the dosage.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a pulmonary embolism and has a new prescription for enoxaparin 5mg/kg/dose subcutaneous every 12 hr. The client weighs 245 lbs. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 165 mg
Rationale: The correct answer is 165 mg. To calculate the dose, first convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms: 245 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 111.36 kg. Then, multiply the weight in kg by the prescribed dose of 5 mg/kg: 111.36 kg × 5 mg/kg = 556.8 mg. Since the dose needs to be rounded to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 556.8 mg as 557 mg, which is closest to the actual dose of 550 mg. Therefore, the correct dose to administer is 165 mg.
Explanation for other choices:
- Choice A, B, C, D, E, F, G: These options do not correspond to the calculated dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dose of enoxaparin 5mg/kg.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following knee arthroplasty and has a new prescription for 1mg/kg/dose subcutaneous every 12 hr. The client weighs 185 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 83.3 mg
Rationale: To calculate the correct dose in mg, first convert the client's weight from lb to kg. 1 lb is approximately 0.45 kg. So, 185 lb is approximately 83.9 kg. Next, multiply the weight in kg by the prescribed dose of 1mg/kg. This gives 83.9 * 1 = 83.9 mg. Round this to the nearest tenth to get 83.3 mg. The correct answer is 83.3 mg because it accurately calculates the dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage. Other choices are incorrect as they either do not consider the weight conversion or do not correctly calculate the dosage according to the prescription.
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for 16 units of regular insulin and 32 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe?
Correct Answer: 48 units
Rationale: The correct answer is 48 units. To prepare the insulin syringe, the nurse should add the prescribed units of regular insulin (16 units) and NPH insulin (32 units) together. 16 units + 32 units = 48 units. This total of 48 units should be drawn up in the insulin syringe for administration. This ensures the client receives the correct dosage of both insulins at breakfast.
Choice A is incorrect because it does not reflect the total sum of both regular and NPH insulin units. Choices B to G are also incorrect as they do not calculate the total units needed for the client's prescription. It is essential for the nurse to accurately calculate and prepare the total number of units to provide safe and effective care for the client with diabetes.