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A nurse is preparing to perform a wound irrigation procedure for a patient with a contaminated wound. What solution should the nurse use for wound irrigation?
- A. Sterile water
- B. Normal saline
- C. Hydrogen peroxide
- D. Betadine solution
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal saline is the preferred solution for wound irrigation because it is isotonic and will not damage healthy tissue or delay wound healing. It helps to remove debris and pathogens from the wound, promoting a clean environment for healing. Sterile water can be used if normal saline is not available, but it may cause cellular damage if used in large volumes. Hydrogen peroxide and Betadine solution are not recommended for wound irrigation as they can be cytotoxic to the tissues and interfere with the wound healing process. It's important for the nurse to use evidence-based practice and follow recommended guidelines to promote optimal wound healing outcomes.
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Pulmonary Rehabilitation for COPD has a duration of at least 4 to 12 weeks. Which of the following should be avoided while patient is having this program?
- A. Pursed lip breathing
- B. Smoking cessation
- C. Aerobic, upper and lower body conditioning
- D. Peripheral muscle wasting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD, smoking cessation should not be avoided but instead strongly encouraged. Smoking cessation is a crucial component in managing COPD and improving lung function. Continued smoking can exacerbate COPD symptoms and hinder the progress made through rehabilitation efforts. Therefore, it is essential for patients to quit smoking while undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation to maximize the benefits of the program and improve their overall lung health.
A patient is complaining of urinary pain after being diagnosed with a urinary tract infection the previous day. What is the nurse's best action?
- A. Administer ordered phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium).
- B. Administer ordered trimethoprim (Trimpex).
- C. Administer ordered bethanechol (Urecholine).
- D. Administer ordered acetaminophen (Tylenol) and a warm bath.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's best action in this situation would be to administer the ordered antibiotic trimethoprim (Trimpex). A urinary tract infection (UTI) requires antibiotic treatment to eliminate the bacterial infection causing the symptoms. Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is a urinary tract analgesic that can help relieve urinary pain but does not treat the infection itself. Bethanechol is a cholinergic medication used to treat urinary retention, not a UTI. Acetaminophen and a warm bath may help with some discomfort but do not address the underlying infection causing the urinary pain. Therefore, administering the prescribed antibiotic would be the most appropriate action to target the source of the patient's symptoms.
The APPROPRIATE nursing diagnosis to protect the patient from further injury is, which of the following?
- A. Altered mucous membrane related to chemotherapy.
- B. Interrupted family processes related to life threatening i1lness of a family member.
- C. Fatigue related to disease process.
- D. Risk for injury related to thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Patients with thrombocytopenia are at risk for injury due to potential bleeding complications. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis to protect the patient from further injury in this case would be "Risk for injury related to thrombocytopenia." This nursing diagnosis allows the nurse to assess for signs of bleeding, implement interventions to prevent injury, and closely monitor the patient's platelet levels to prevent complications.
The Right to Information does not include _________.
- A. Any change in the plan of care before the change is made
- B. Extent to which payment maybe expected from Philhealth
- C. Discount for the professional fee of the attending doctor(s)
- D. Result of the evaluation of the nature and extent of his/her disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Right to Information pertains to the patient's right to be informed about their condition, treatment plan, and to have access to relevant medical information. It does not include specific details about payment or insurance coverage, such as the extent to which payment may be expected from PhilHealth. While financial information is important for patients, it does not fall under the scope of the Right to Information in a healthcare context, which focuses more on medical information and decision-making processes.
A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) to manage anemia. Which laboratory parameter should be monitored closely during ESA therapy?
- A. Serum potassium
- B. Serum creatinine
- C. Hemoglobin
- D. Platelet count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) are prescribed to manage anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Monitoring the hemoglobin level closely during ESA therapy is crucial to ensure that the treatment is effective in increasing red blood cell production without causing excessive elevation. Hemoglobin levels should be checked regularly to adjust the ESA dosage accordingly and prevent risks associated with high hematocrit levels, such as increasing blood viscosity and cardiovascular events. Monitoring serum potassium, creatinine, and platelet count are important in the management of chronic kidney disease for different reasons, but for ESA therapy, monitoring hemoglobin is the most essential parameter.