Nokea
A nurse is providing care for a patient who has developed Kaposis sarcoma secondary to HIV infection. The nurse should be aware that this form of malignancy originates in what part of the body?
- A. Connective tissue cells in diffuse locations
- B. Smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract
- C. Neural tissue of the brain and spinal cord
- D. Endothelial cells lining small blood vessels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kaposis sarcoma originates in endothelial cells lining small blood vessels, not in connective tissue, smooth muscle, or neural tissue.
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A 65-year-old man presents at the clinic complaining of nodules on both legs. The man tells the nurse that his son, who is in medical school, encouraged him to seek prompt care and told him that the nodules are related to the fact that he is Jewish. What health problem should the nurse suspect?
- A. Stasis ulcers
- B. Bullous pemphigoid
- C. Psoriasis
- D. Classic Kaposis sarcoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Classic Kaposis sarcoma, common in Jewish men aged 40-70, presents as nodules on the lower extremities. Stasis ulcers, bullous pemphigoid, and psoriasis have different presentations.
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with what is thought to be toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). When assessing the health history of the patient, the nurse would be alert to what precipitating factor?
- A. Recent heavy ultraviolet exposure
- B. Substandard hygienic conditions
- C. Recent administration of new medications
- D. Recent varicella infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: TEN is commonly triggered by medications, such as antibiotics or antiseizure drugs. UV exposure, hygiene, and varicella are not typical causes.
A 35-year-old kidney transplant patient comes to the clinic exhibiting new skin lesions. The diagnosis is Kaposis sarcoma. The nurse caring for this patient recognizes that this is what type of Kaposis sarcoma?
- A. Classic
- B. AIDS-related
- C. Immunosuppression-related
- D. Endemic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immunosuppression-related Kaposis sarcoma occurs in transplant recipients due to immunosuppressive therapy. Classic KS affects older Mediterranean or Jewish men, endemic KS is African, and AIDS-related KS occurs in HIV patients.
A nurse is caring for a patient whose chemical injury has necessitated a skin graft to his left hand. The nurse enters the room and observes that the patient is performing active range of motion (ROM) exercises with the affected hand. How should the nurse best respond?
- A. Liaise with the physical therapist to ensure that the patient is performing exercises safely.
- B. Validate the patients efforts to increase blood perfusion to the graft site.
- C. Remind the patient that ROM exercises should be passive, not active.
- D. Remind the patient of the need to immobilize the graft to facilitate healing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immobilization of the graft site is critical to promote healing and prevent damage. Active or passive ROM exercises can disrupt the graft, and perfusion is not enhanced by early movement.
A patient presents at the free clinic with a black, wart-like lesion on his face, stating, Ive done some research, and Im pretty sure I have malignant melanoma. Subsequent diagnostic testing results in a diagnosis of seborrheic keratosis. The nurse should recognize what significance of this diagnosis?
- A. The patient requires no treatment unless he finds the lesion to be cosmetically unacceptable.
- B. The patients lesion will be closely observed for 6 months before a plan of treatment is chosen.
- C. The patient has one of the few dermatologic malignancies that respond to chemotherapy.
- D. The patient will likely require wide excision.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Seborrheic keratosis is benign and requires no treatment unless cosmetically bothersome. It is not malignant, so chemotherapy or excision is unnecessary, and observation is not required.