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A patient has just undergone surgery for malignant melanoma. Which of the following nursing actions should be prioritized?
- A. Maintain the patient on bed rest for the first 24 hours postoperative.
- B. Apply distraction techniques to relieve pain.
- C. Provide soft or liquid diet that is high in protein to assist with healing.
- D. Anticipate the need for, and administer, appropriate analgesic medications.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Analgesic administration is critical post-melanoma excision to manage pain from wide excision. Bed rest and modified diets are unnecessary, and distraction is secondary to analgesia.
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A patient has just been diagnosed with psoriasis and frequently has lesions around his right eye. What should the nurse teach the patient about topical corticosteroid use on these lesions?
- A. Cataract development is possible.
- B. The ointment is likely to cause weeping.
- C. Corticosteroid use is contraindicated on these lesions.
- D. The patient may develop glaucoma.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Repeated use of topical corticosteroids near the eyes can lead to cataract development. Weeping and glaucoma are not typical risks, and corticosteroids are not contraindicated for periorbital psoriasis.
A 30-year-old male patient has just returned from the operating room after having a flap done following a motorcycle accident. The patients wife asks the nurse about the major complications following this type of surgery. What would be the nurses best response?
- A. The major complication is when the patient develops chronic pain.
- B. The major complication is when the patient loses sensation in the flap.
- C. The major complication is when the pedicle tears loose and the flap dies.
- D. The major complication is when the blood supply fails and the tissue in the flap dies.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Flap necrosis due to failed blood supply is the primary complication, as it leads to tissue death. Pedicle tearing is less likely, and chronic pain or sensory loss are secondary concerns.
A patient who has sustained third-degree facial burns and a facial fracture is undergoing reconstructive surgery and implantation of a prosthesis. The nurse has identified a nursing diagnosis of Disturbed Body Image Related to Disfigurement. What would be an appropriate nursing intervention related to this diagnosis?
- A. Referring the patient to a speech therapist
- B. Gradually adding soft foods to diet
- C. Administering analgesics as prescribed
- D. Teaching the patient how to use and care for the prosthesis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching prosthesis care fosters independence and addresses body image concerns by empowering the patient. Speech therapy, diet changes, and analgesics do not directly address disturbed body image.
A nurse educator is teaching a group of medical nurses about Kaposis sarcoma. What would the educator identify as characteristics of endemic Kaposis sarcoma? Select all that apply.
- A. Affects people predominantly in the eastern half of Africa
- B. Affects men more than women
- C. Does not affect children
- D. Cannot infiltrate
- E. Can progress to lymphadenopathic forms
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Endemic Kaposis sarcoma is prevalent in eastern Africa, affects men more, and can progress to lymphadenopathic forms. It can affect children and may infiltrate.
A patient has just been told that he has malignant melanoma. The nurse caring for this patient should anticipate that the patient will undergo what treatment?
- A. Chemotherapy
- B. Immunotherapy
- C. Wide excision
- D. Radiation therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wide excision is the primary treatment for malignant melanoma to remove the lesion and assess staging. Chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation are secondary or palliative options.