Nokea
A 55-year-old woman is scheduled to have a chemical face peel. The nurse is aware that the patient is likely seeking treatment for which of the following?
- A. Wrinkles near the lips and eyes
- B. Removal of acne scars
- C. Vascular lesions on the cheeks
- D. Real or perceived misshaping of the eyes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chemical face peeling is effective for wrinkles around the lips, eyes, and forehead. It does not address acne scars, vascular lesions, or eye shape.
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A patient comes to the clinic complaining of a red rash of small, fluid-filled blisters and is suspected of having herpes zoster. What presentation is most consistent with herpes zoster?
- A. Grouped vesicles occurring on lips and oral mucous membranes
- B. Grouped vesicles occurring on the genitalia
- C. Rough, fresh, or gray skin protrusions
- D. Grouped vesicles in linear patches along a dermatome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herpes zoster presents as grouped vesicles along a dermatome due to dorsal root ganglia inflammation. Lip vesicles suggest herpes simplex type 1, genital vesicles suggest type 2, and rough protrusions indicate warts.
A nurse is providing care for a patient who has developed Kaposis sarcoma secondary to HIV infection. The nurse should be aware that this form of malignancy originates in what part of the body?
- A. Connective tissue cells in diffuse locations
- B. Smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract
- C. Neural tissue of the brain and spinal cord
- D. Endothelial cells lining small blood vessels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kaposis sarcoma originates in endothelial cells lining small blood vessels, not in connective tissue, smooth muscle, or neural tissue.
A patient with squamous cell carcinoma has been scheduled for treatment of this malignancy. The nurse should anticipate that treatment for this type of cancer will primarily consist of what intervention?
- A. Chemotherapy
- B. Radiation therapy
- C. Surgical excision
- D. Biopsy of sample tissue
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surgical excision is the primary treatment for squamous cell carcinoma to remove the tumor entirely. Radiation is used for non-surgical candidates, chemotherapy is less common, and biopsy is diagnostic, not therapeutic.
A 30-year-old male patient has just returned from the operating room after having a flap done following a motorcycle accident. The patients wife asks the nurse about the major complications following this type of surgery. What would be the nurses best response?
- A. The major complication is when the patient develops chronic pain.
- B. The major complication is when the patient loses sensation in the flap.
- C. The major complication is when the pedicle tears loose and the flap dies.
- D. The major complication is when the blood supply fails and the tissue in the flap dies.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Flap necrosis due to failed blood supply is the primary complication, as it leads to tissue death. Pedicle tearing is less likely, and chronic pain or sensory loss are secondary concerns.
A nurse is caring for a patient whose chemical injury has necessitated a skin graft to his left hand. The nurse enters the room and observes that the patient is performing active range of motion (ROM) exercises with the affected hand. How should the nurse best respond?
- A. Liaise with the physical therapist to ensure that the patient is performing exercises safely.
- B. Validate the patients efforts to increase blood perfusion to the graft site.
- C. Remind the patient that ROM exercises should be passive, not active.
- D. Remind the patient of the need to immobilize the graft to facilitate healing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immobilization of the graft site is critical to promote healing and prevent damage. Active or passive ROM exercises can disrupt the graft, and perfusion is not enhanced by early movement.