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A nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse would expect which of the following as possibly being prescribed for treatment? Select all that apply.
- A. Methylphenidate
- B. Phentermine
- C. Modafinil
- D. Doxapram
- E. Dextroamphetamine
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine are CNS stimulants used in the treatment of ADHD. Phentermine is used to treat obesity. Modafinil is used to treat narcolepsy. Doxapram is used to treat respiratory depression.
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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client. Which of the following conditions, if found, would the nurse identify as a condition in which CNS stimulants should be avoided? Select all that apply.
- A. Severe hypotension
- B. Hyperthyroidism
- C. Diabetes
- D. Cardiac disease
- E. Seasonal allergies
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: CNS stimulants should not be given to clients with cardiac disease, severe hypertension, or hyperthyroidism. Diabetes and seasonal allergies are not contraindications for use of CNS stimulants.
A nurse caring for a client with obesity would expect the primary health care provider to prescribe which of the following CNS stimulants? Select all that apply.
- A. Benzphetamine
- B. Phentermine
- C. Modafinil
- D. Sibutramine
- E. Dextroamphetamine
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: A nurse caring for a client with obesity may administer benzphetamine, phentermine, and sibutramine.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about central nervous system stimulants. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as an indication for use? Select all that apply.
- A. Sleep apnea
- B. Hypertension
- C. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- D. Drug-induced respiratory depression
- E. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: The CNS stimulants are used in the treatment of the following: ADHD, drug-induced respiratory depression, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, exogenous obesity, and fatigue.
The nurse would monitor a client who is receiving caffeine for which of the following?
- A. Decease in heart rate
- B. Decrease in urinary output
- C. Feeling of euphoria and well-being
- D. Skeletal muscle stimulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Caffeine leads to skeletal muscle stimulation. Caffeine results in an increase, not decrease, in heart rate. Caffeine is a diuretic and it increases, not decreases, urinary output. Caffeine does not lead to a feeling of euphoria or well-being.
An older adult client is receiving a CNS stimulant. When assessing this client, the nurse integrates knowledge about an older adult client's increased sensitivity to the drug, closely monitoring the client for which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Anxiety
- B. Insomnia
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Confusion
- E. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: A nurse caring for an older adult client receiving CNS stimulants should monitor the client closely for anxiety, nervousness, insomnia, and mental confusion because older clients are more sensitive to the adverse reactions of this group of drugs.