Nokea
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for Metformin. Which of the following adverse effects of Metformin should be correct the client to report to the provider?
- A. Somnolence
- B. Constipation
- C. Fluid retention
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Somnolence could indicate lactic acidosis, a rare but serious metformin side effect to report.
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The nurse admits a patient to the unit and learns the patient has recently been diagnosed with chronic renal failure but has not informed the primary care provider of this diagnosis. What is the nurse's first priority?
- A. Administer medications ordered immediately.
- B. Maintain the patient's confidentiality.
- C. Call the admitting physician immediately.
- D. Provide teaching about chronic renal failure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Renal failure affects drug clearance; informing the physician ensures safe therapy adjustments.
What does the nurse understand must occur in order to produce withdrawal syndrome?
- A. Addiction
- B. Craving
- C. Drug tolerance
- D. Physical dependence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physical dependence causes withdrawal when a drug stops; addiction or tolerance don't suffice. Patients who develop a physical dependence on a drug will experience withdrawal syndrome when the drug is stopped.
A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of nursing students about pharmacology. When describing this topic, the instructor would focus the discussion on which of the following as an essential aspect?
- A. Drug name
- B. Drug class
- C. Drug action
- D. Drug source
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their action on living organisms. Thus, an essential aspect of pharmacology is drug action. An understanding of the drug name, drug class, and drug source is important, but the most critical aspect related to pharmacology is how the drug acts in the body.
What factor influences drug absorption?
- A. Kidney function
- B. Route of administration
- C. Liver function
- D. Cardiovascular function
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drug absorption is influenced by the route of administration. IV administration is the fastest method; drug absorption is slower when given orally. Kidney function impacts excretion, liver function impacts metabolism, and cardiovascular function impacts distribution.
A nurse is planning to administer a first dose of Captopril to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications can intensify first dose hypotension? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Simvastatin
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. aliskiren
- D. Clonidine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics , clonidine , and aliskiren enhance hypotension with captopril's first dose.