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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a bronchoscopy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You will not be able to eat or drink after the procedure until you are able to cough.
- B. You will need to take deep breaths through your nose during the procedure.
- C. The procedure is painful and sedation will not be used.
- D. You will need to stay on bed rest for 24 hours after the procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A: You will not be able to eat or drink after the procedure until you are able to cough.
Rationale: It is important for the client to know that they will not be able to eat or drink post-bronchoscopy until they can cough effectively to prevent aspiration. This instruction reduces the risk of complications such as aspiration pneumonia. The nurse should emphasize the importance of clearing secretions by coughing before resuming oral intake.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: Taking deep breaths through the nose is not necessary during bronchoscopy; the procedure involves visualization of the airways, not breathing techniques.
C: Bronchoscopy is usually performed under sedation, and the client should be informed about the use of sedation to manage pain and discomfort.
D: Bed rest for 24 hours after bronchoscopy is unnecessary; the client can resume normal activities unless otherwise instructed by the healthcare provider.
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A nurse is planning care for a client who has a lump in their right breast. Which of the following findings increases the clients risk of developing breast cancer?
- A. Daily caffeine consumption
- B. A history of seasonal allergies
- C. Oral contraceptives were taken for the last 6 years
- D. Routine use of multivitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oral contraceptives were taken for the last 6 years. Long-term use of oral contraceptives has been associated with a slightly increased risk of developing breast cancer. Estrogen and progesterone in oral contraceptives can stimulate the growth of breast tissue, potentially leading to cancer over time. Daily caffeine consumption (choice A) and a history of seasonal allergies (choice B) do not have a direct correlation with an increased risk of breast cancer. Routine use of multivitamins (choice D) is generally not linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for phenytoin to treat a seizure disorder. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately to the provider?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Gingival hyperplasia
- C. Skin rash
- D. Mild nausea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Skin rash. This is because phenytoin can cause severe and potentially life-threatening skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. These reactions can progress rapidly, so immediate medical attention is crucial. Drowsiness (A) is a common side effect of phenytoin but not typically an emergency. Gingival hyperplasia (B) and mild nausea (D) are common side effects that do not require immediate reporting.
A nurse is assessing a clients understanding of a surgical procedure prior to witnessing their signature on the informed consent form. The nurse determines that the client does not understand what the procedure will involve. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Proceed with obtaining the signature.
- B. Explain the procedure in detail.
- C. Contact the provider who will be performing the procedure.
- D. Have the client sign the form and address concerns later.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contact the provider who will be performing the procedure. This is the best course of action because the provider is the most qualified individual to explain the procedure in detail and address any concerns the client may have. By involving the provider, the client can receive accurate and comprehensive information directly from the source. Proceeding with obtaining the signature (A) without ensuring the client's understanding can lead to potential legal and ethical issues. Explaining the procedure in detail (B) may not be sufficient if the client still has questions or concerns. Having the client sign the form and addressing concerns later (D) is not appropriate as it prioritizes paperwork over patient understanding and safety.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has neutropenia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. I will avoid crowds.
- B. I will wash my toothbrush weekly.
- C. I will take my temperature daily.
- D. I will eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Neutropenia and chemotherapy increase the risk of infection. Avoiding crowds (A) reduces exposure to infectious agents. Taking temperature daily (C) helps detect early signs of infection. Washing toothbrush weekly (B) is important but daily is recommended. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables (D) is beneficial but may pose infection risk.
A nurse is providing teaching about health promotion activities for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will eat a high-protein diet before exercise.
- B. I will check my blood sugar level before exercising.
- C. I will avoid all forms of sugar.
- D. I will only take my insulin when I feel symptoms of high blood sugar.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
1. Checking blood sugar before exercise is crucial for individuals with type 1 diabetes to prevent hypoglycemia.
2. It allows the client to adjust their insulin dosage or carbohydrate intake based on their blood sugar level.
3. Monitoring blood sugar helps maintain safe levels during physical activity.
4. Other choices are incorrect as high-protein diet may not be necessary, avoiding all sugar is extreme, and insulin should be taken as prescribed, not based on symptoms.