Nokea
A nurse is providing teaching to a group of clients about risk factors for ovarian cancer. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include?
- A. Nulliparity.
- B. History of breastfeeding.
- C. Use of postmenopausal estrogen.
- D. Previous use of oral contraceptives.
- E. History of breast cancer.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Nulliparity (A) increases ovarian cancer risk by prolonging ovulation periods. Postmenopausal estrogen (C) elevates risk by stimulating cell proliferation. History of breast cancer (E) correlates with increased risk due to shared genetic mutations like BRCA1/2.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and is experiencing continuous abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. The client has a history of cocaine use. The nurse should identify that the client is likely experiencing which of the following complications?
- A. Abruptio placentae.
- B. Hydatidiform mole.
- C. Preterm labor.
- D. Placenta previa.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abruptio placentae involves premature placental separation, linked to cocaine use, which increases vasoconstriction and hypertension. Symptoms include pain, vaginal bleeding, and fetal distress due to impaired placental function.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is breastfeeding and has mastitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
- A. Instruct the client to wash their hands prior to breastfeeding.
- B. Teach the client about proper latching-on techniques.
- C. Encourage the client to alternate breastfeeding with formula feeding.
- D. Encourage the client to allow their nipples to air dry after feedings.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Handwashing (A) minimizes pathogen transmission. Proper latching techniques (B) reduce nipple trauma and facilitate milk drainage. Allowing nipples to air dry (D) promotes healing and reduces infection risk.
Following this type of birth, the nurse should monitor the client for hemorrhage and monitor the newborn for facial nerve palsy. What additional care should the nurse consider?
- A. Administering prophylactic antibiotics to prevent infection.
- B. Assessing for signs of jaundice in the newborn.
- C. Monitoring the client's vital signs for stability.
- D. Educating the client on breastfeeding techniques.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Jaundice assessment is critical for newborns with facial bruising or cephalohematoma, as bilirubin levels may rise due to blood breakdown in the localized hematoma.
A nurse is caring for a client who is in labor and has a diagnosis of group B streptococcus B-hemolytic infection. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
- A. Ampicillin.
- B. Azithromycin.
- C. Ceftriaxone.
- D. Acyclovir.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ampicillin is a first-line antibiotic effective against group B streptococcus B-hemolytic bacteria, preventing neonatal infection during labor. It targets the bacterial cell wall synthesis and is safe in pregnancy.
A nurse in the labor and delivery triage unit reviews the electronic medical record (EMR) of a client reporting severe abdominal pain. Which of the following findings is most consistent with abruptio placenta?
- A. Low uterine tone with mild vaginal bleeding.
- B. Rigid uterine tone with dark vaginal bleeding.
- C. Soft uterine tone with painless vaginal bleeding.
- D. Low uterine tone with absence of vaginal bleeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rigid uterine tone with dark vaginal bleeding is a hallmark of abruptio placenta. The rigidity arises from blood pooling behind the placenta, causing uterine muscle contraction. Dark vaginal bleeding occurs as the blood is often concealed and clotted before expulsion.