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A nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for levothyroxine?
- A. Take the medication with a meal.
- B. Take the medication in the morning on an empty stomach.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication in the morning on an empty stomach. Levothyroxine is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach, preferably 30 minutes to 1 hour before breakfast. This ensures optimal absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Taking it with a meal (choice A) may interfere with absorption due to food interactions. Taking it at bedtime (choice C) may lead to insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns. Taking it with grapefruit juice (choice D) is not recommended, as grapefruit juice can interfere with the absorption of certain medications. Thus, the most appropriate instruction for the patient is to take levothyroxine in the morning on an empty stomach for optimal efficacy.
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A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who has had 160 mL of urine output over the past 8-hour period. The child weighs 33 lb. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? What should the nurse do for low urine output?
- A. Notify the provider.
- B. Continue to monitor the client.
- C. Perform a bladder scan at the bedside.
- D. Provide oral rehydration fluids.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Continue to monitor the client. In a 3-year-old child, the average expected urine output is about 1-2 ml/kg/hour. Given the child's weight of 33 lb (approximately 15 kg), the expected urine output over 8 hours would be around 120-240 ml. The child's output of 160 ml falls within this expected range, indicating adequate hydration. Therefore, the nurse should continue monitoring the client for any changes.
Incorrect choices:
A: Notifying the provider is not necessary as the urine output is within the expected range.
C: Performing a bladder scan is not indicated as there is no indication of urinary retention.
D: Providing oral rehydration fluids is not necessary since the child's urine output is adequate.
A nurse is instructing a patient who has been newly prescribed sumatriptan tablets for the treatment of migraine headaches. Which instructions should the nurse include? What instructions should the nurse include for sumatriptan?
- A. Report any eyelid swelling after dosage.
- B. Repeat the dose in 1 hour if the headache persists.
- C. Take the medication daily to prevent headaches.
- D. Thoroughly chew the tablet before swallowing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Repeat the dose in 1 hour if the headache persists. Sumatriptan is used to treat acute migraine attacks, and the patient should be instructed to take a second dose if the headache does not improve after the first dose. This is important because it helps ensure adequate relief of symptoms. Choices A and D are incorrect because eyelid swelling is not a common side effect of sumatriptan, and sumatriptan tablets should be swallowed whole without chewing. Choice C is incorrect because sumatriptan is not taken daily for headache prevention; it is used as needed for acute migraine attacks.
A nurse is caring for an older adult patient with left-sided heart failure. What assessment findings should the nurse expect? What finding should the nurse expect in left-sided heart failure?
- A. Frothy sputum
- B. Dependent edema
- C. Nocturnal polyuria
- D. Jugular distention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frothy sputum. In left-sided heart failure, the failing left ventricle results in blood backing up into the lungs causing pulmonary congestion. This leads to the production of frothy, pink-tinged sputum due to blood-tinged fluid leaking into the alveoli. Dependent edema (choice B) is more indicative of right-sided heart failure. Nocturnal polyuria (choice C) is not a typical finding in left-sided heart failure. Jugular distention (choice D) is more commonly seen in right-sided heart failure due to increased venous pressure.
A nurse is instructing a female client on how to collect a midstream urine sample. Which statement from the client indicates they understand the procedure?,Which statement indicates understanding of midstream urine sample collection?
- A. I will clean the inside of the container with a wipe.
- B. I will urinate a little then stop.
- C. I will use each cleansing wipe twice.
- D. I will use the cleansing wipe from front to back.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. By urinating a little first and then stopping, the client can discard the initial stream that may contain contaminants from the urethra, ensuring a more accurate midstream sample. Cleaning the container with a wipe (A) does not pertain to the collection process. Using cleansing wipes twice (C) risks contamination. Using the wipe from front to back (D) is not relevant to urine sample collection.
A nurse is about to administer a daily dose of potassium chloride 20 mEq suspension orally. The available amount is potassium chloride suspension 10 mEq/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? How many mL of potassium chloride should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: To determine the amount of suspension needed, divide the desired dose (20 mEq) by the concentration (10 mEq/mL). 20 mEq ÷ 10 mEq/mL = 2 mL. This calculates the correct amount of 2 mL. Other choices are incorrect as they do not follow this calculation, leading to inaccurate dosing.