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A nurse is reading about various complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) and is interested most in mind-body medicine. Which technique can the nurse easily teach a client to use in managing pain?
- A. Acupuncture
- B. Imagery
- C. Reiki
- D. Tai chi
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Imagery is a psychobiologic technique that uses the mind to visualize a positive physiologic effect. This form of mind-body medicine has few physical risks, can be taught or easily explained, and has provided evidence of positive effects. Tai chi is a manipulative body-based therapy. Acupuncture and Reiki are energy-based manipulative therapies.
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Which of the following complementary and alternative therapies uses 7,000 nerve endings to improve the body's ability to facilitate natural healing?
- A. Reflexology
- B. Magnetism
- C. Acupuncture
- D. Chiropractic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Practitioners of reflexology claim that reflex centers in the extremities have more than 7,000 nerve endings connected to the body organs and tissues. When pressure is applied to one reflex center, the impulse travels to the spinal cord and brain. This reconditioning of the neural reflex facilitates natural healing. Magnetism seeks to cure by influencing the natural magnetic field of body cells. Acupuncture is a procedure used in or adapted from Chinese medical practice in which specific body areas are pierced with fine needles for therapeutic purposes. Chiropractors manipulate the spine to correct its misalignment.
A client, who is taking a variety of herbal preparations, makes the following comment to the nurse: 'Herbs are natural products and therefore safe.' Which is the best response by the nurse?
- A. Just because a product is natural does not mean safe.
- B. If the manufacturer is reputable, the product is considered safe.
- C. Many herbs are safe, but serious effects can occur if mixed with prescribed drugs.
- D. The chemicals used when growing herbs can prove to be poisonous or toxic to people.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Herbal therapy is one of the greatest risk factors for adverse effects when combined with other conventional treatment such as drugs. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) do not regulate herbals making natural not necessarily safe. The use of reputable manufacturers should be considered but again not a guarantee for safety. The process of growing and harvesting herbs is not regulated.
In which of the following therapies is it believed that the practitioner gathers knowledge about the disease and its cure from a higher power?
- A. Herbal therapy
- B. Ayurveda
- C. Native American/First Nations system
- D. Chinese medicine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the Native American/First Nations system of medicine, the shaman or medicine man or woman goes into a trance and communicates with a higher power to gather knowledge about the disease and its remedy. Herbal therapy uses herbs with medicinal value, and Ayurveda and Chinese medicine do not involve shamans and such spiritual practices.
Which type of therapy is speculated to affect the ion exchange of electrolytes, such as calcium, sodium, and potassium?
- A. Electromagnetic therapy
- B. Shiatsu
- C. Hypnosis
- D. Yoga
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Electromagnetic therapy is speculated to influence ion exchange of electrolytes, such as calcium, sodium, and potassium. Shiatsu uses acupoints, and yoga uses exercises for therapy. Hypnosis is not known to affect ions in the body.
Following antibiotic treatment, a client has developed diarrhea. Which is an appropriate complementary treatment for this client?
- A. Prebiotic
- B. Ethnobotanical
- C. Probiotic
- D. Peppermint oil
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Probiotics are microorganisms that exert beneficial health effects, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis, which can lower the frequency or duration of diarrhea. Prebiotics include nondigestible food ingredients such as dietary fiber that enhance or maintain the growth of probiotic intestinal bacteria. Peppermint, a botanical oil, is helpful in decreasing nausea. Ethnobotanicals are plants that grow in a region where specific groups of people live and are used for food, clothing, shelter, and medicine.